100 Forest Club Annual 



charged for only ten feet of open cut. It is also very an- 

 noying and misleading to the officers in the land and district 

 offices, to whom reports are submitted, to have one examiner's 

 report vary widely from another's in regard to dimensions of 

 entries, when it is known that both reports were made at 

 about the same time. The discrepancies in such reports are 

 usually due not to errors in measurement but to the fact that 

 one examiner has given the full length of the open cut while 

 another has allowed only one half. 



Fig. 11 illustrates a common form of open cut, showing 

 that the prolonged rectangle contains only about one-half the 

 rock mass included within an equal length of the adit. 



2. Give depth below water level, number and extent of levels 

 cross cuts and rooms. 



3. Describe the mine drainage, pumps used, size and kind. 



4. State: 



a. Whether ventilation is sufficient or insufficient, natural or 

 artificial. If artificial, is furnace or fan used. 



b. The kind of lighting system used. 



c. The kind of explosives used. 



d. Character of mine gas, if any. 



e. Kinds of machinery in use. 



5. Describe mode of working. 



6. Describe kind of haulage. 



7. Describe character of timbering. 



There are so many different methods and materials used 

 in timbering mines that it is very important that it be care- 

 fully described as it is an essential factor in estimating cost of 

 improvements. 



XII. RELATION To OTHER CLAIMS 



Claims may be located in so-called mineral districts, yet 

 be barren of ore deposits or coal beds. In every case in- 

 volving doubtful or undeveloped claims, the relation of such 

 claims to other producing or non-producing claims in the im- 

 mediate vicinity should be given. Coal veins, for instance, 

 do not usually remain constant in thickness on the strike of 

 the beds. Many claims are filed upon as coal or mineral land 

 because they happen to adjoin a claim which contains a work- 

 able vein. The vein in question may outcrop on the proven 

 valid claim and be dipping away from the new location thereby 

 proving it to be entirely barren. A claim which is exploited as 

 coal or mineral land may contain little else but highly car- 

 bonaceous shale or an oxidized surface, and entry is frequently 



