Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 1291 



ii. Preopercle finely serrate, the serrae at the angle scarcely 

 enlarged, those below not antrorse; teeth subequal, or the 

 outer in upper jaw somewhat enlarged; gill rakers very 

 short and weak. 



j. Soft part of dorsal and anal with series of small scales on 

 the membranes behind each ray ; anal spines small or 

 moderate, the second little, if any, longer or stronger 

 than third ; anal lower than the soft rays ; body oblong, 

 not elevated ; scales above lateral line parallel with the 

 back ; dorsal spines 12, the soft rays 15 or 16 ; outer teeth 

 of upper jaw slightly enlarged. BRACHYDEUTERUS, 544. 

 jj. Soft parts of dorsal and anal scaleless, except a low sheath 

 at base; anal spines strong, the second much longer 

 and stronger than third; dorsal spines 12 or 13, the 

 soft rays 12 to 14. POMADASIS, 545. 



gy. Anal fin long and low, its rays III, 10 to III, 13; dorsal fin low, usually 

 not deeply emarginate ; anal spines small ; preopercle finely serrate 

 or entire ; outer teeth of jaws slightly enlarged ; gill rakers moderate, 

 rather slender. 

 A-. Dorsal spines 12 or 13. 



Z. Scales of body without series of small accessory scales at base; 

 soft dorsal and anal naked or somewhat scaly ; mouth small ; 

 temporal crest, which rises from behind the eye, very low 

 and inconspicuous, the upper edge below base of the high 

 supraoccipital crest, which originates over the pupil. 



ORTHOPRISTIS, 546. 



tt. Scales of body each with a cluster of small accessory scales at 



base ; soft dorsal and anal with series of small scales on the 



membranes. ISACIELLA, 547. 



AA\ Dorsal spines 14; scales very small; soft dorsal and anal naked; 



skull very broad and rounded, interorbital area wider than 



length of snout ; preorbital very narrow ; the temporal crest, 



which rises above the pupil, rather high, its top above middle 



of height of supraoccipital crest, which originates over front of 



pupil. MICROLEPIDOTUS, 548. 



aa. Chin with pores, but wit lino central groove at the symphysis; preopercle finely serrate. 

 in. Anterior profile concave above the eye; snou.t gibbous; outer teeth in both 

 jaws enlarged and blunt (appearance of Anisotremus) ; gill rakers small 

 and slender; anal fin rather long, soft dorsal and anal scaleless. 



GENYATREMUS, 549. 

 537. HCEMULON,* Cuvier. 



(RONCOS OR GRUNTS.) 



Diabasis, DESMAREST, Premiere Decade Ichtholbgique, 34, 1823 (parrce=flavolineatus) ; not 



Diabasis of HOFFMANSEGQ, a genus of Coleoptera, 1819. 

 Hcemulon, CUVIER, Kegne Animal, Ed. 2, n, 175, 1829 (elegans, etc. ; restricted later to 



elegans = sciu /?/*) . 

 Anarmo8tus(ScuDi>E,R MS.) PUTNAM, Bull. M-us. Comp. Zool., 1, 12, 1863 (name only; flavo- 



lineatum, etc.) ; name preoccupied in insects, Anarmostus, LOEW, 1860. 



* All the species of Hcemulon are American. All the species have more or less of orange 

 on the inside of the mouth, a trait of coloration not found in Pomadasis. The amount of 

 redness is greatest in those species having the largest mouth. The young fishes in this 

 group differ in proportion considerably from the adults. Besides the changes usual in 

 other fishes, we may observe that in Hcemulon the young have the snout proportionately 

 much shorter, so that the maxillary, although also much shorter in proportion, extends 

 further back in comparison with the eye. Nearly all the species have, when young, two 

 or more more or less sharply denned, dark, longitudinal stripes along the side, one or more 

 along the top of the head, and a dark spot at the base of caudal. These markings persist 

 longer in some species than in others, but traces of them at least may be found in the 

 young of nearly all the species of Hcemulon and Pomadasis. In a few species these 

 markings persist during life. 



