1300 Bulletin 4.7, United States National Museum. 



abruptly steel-blue black ; vertical fins all blackish ; in some the whole 

 body is greenish, in others only the anterior half; lower parts all gray ; 

 most of these large ones show 110 traces of spots on scales ; some show a 

 few spots ; fins silvery, with gold above and below ; mouth red within. 

 There is very great variation among individuals as in Hcemulon parra, 

 some having small, sharply defined spots, some large spots, and others of 

 the same size none at all. Length 1 foot or less. Pacific coast of tropical 

 America, Guaymas to Panama; everywhere common, especially about 

 rocks. Here described from No. 29282, U.S.N.M., from Panama. (Named 

 for Samuel H. Scudder, the well-known entomologist, who made a 

 very careful study of these fishes while a student under Professor 

 Agassiz.) 



Hcemulon scudderi, GILL, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1862, 253, Cape San Lucas (Coll 



Xantus) ; STEINDACHNEB, Ichth. Beitr., in, 18, 1875. 



Hcemulon brevirostrum, GUNTHER, Fishes Ceutr. Amer., 418, 1869, Panama. 

 Hcemulon undecimale, STEINDACHNEE, Ichth. Beitr., in, 11, 1875, Acapulco; Panama. 

 Didbasis scudderi, JORDAN & GILBERT, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1882, 361, 626. 

 Hcemulon scudderi, JORDAN & SWAIN, I. c., 296; JORDAN & FESLER, I. c., 472. 



1668. H^EMULON CARBON ARIUM, Poey. 



(KONGO CARBONERO.) 







Head 3; depth 2f ; eye large, 3f in head. D. XII, 16; A. Ill, 8; scales 

 7-55-14. Body oblong ; the back not greatly elevated, the profile nearly 

 straight or slightly convex from tip of snout to above eye, thence gibbous 

 to front of dorsal; snout short, moderately pointed, its length 3J in head; 

 mouth not very large; the gape somewhat curved; the maxillary extend- 

 ing nearly or quite to front of pupil, its length 2 in head; lower jaw 

 rather included. Teeth strong, much as in H. sciurus, but a little shorter. 

 Interorbital space flattish, 4 in head ; preorbital moderate, its least breadth 

 6 in head ; preorbital finely but rather sharply serrate ; gill rakers small, 

 9_f_14. Scales moderate, those below lateral line anteriorly moderately 

 enlarged, their series nearly horizontal; series above lateral line very 

 oblique. Dorsal spines slender and high, the fourth 1| in head; longest 

 soft rays 3| ; upper caudal lobe a little longer than lower, 1^ in head ; long- 

 est anal rays 2 in head, their tips when depressed reaching beyond tip 

 of last ray ; second anal spine strong, 2 in head, its tip reaching when 

 depressed about to tip of last soft ray; ventrals 1| in head; pectorals If. 

 Color in life, light bluish-gray, much as in H. plumieri; body with 7 or 8 

 deep brassy-yellow stripes which are horizontal above, those below the 

 lateral line a little curved, following the rows of scales; stripes narrower 

 than interspaces of ground color ; 3 stripes above lateral line, 3 or 4 below, 

 the latter paler; little black under angle of preopercle; caudal blackish- 

 yellowish at tip ; soft dorsal, anal, and ventrals yellowish-gray, the distal 

 portion blackish ; spinous dorsal bluish, deep yellow at base and edge : a 

 yellowish stripe along middle of fin ; pectoral plain, a yelloAvish bar across 

 its base; mouth deep red, its angle dusky. In spirits, grayish, more or 

 less shaded with dusky, the stripes rather faint orange-brown. A few 

 specimens of this species that we have examined have the ground color 



