Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 1411 



of Mexico, not rare about Mazatlan; a food-fish of some importance. 

 g, yellow; ovXov, singular of ovXa, the gums.) 



Cynoscion xanthulum, JORDAN & GILBERT, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1881, 460, Mazatlan 

 (Type, No. 28109. Coll. Gilbert) ; JORDAN & GILBERT, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm. 1882, 107. 

 Cestreus xanthulum, JORDAN & EIGENMANN, I. c., 369, 1889. 



1786. CYNOSCION ALBUS (Giinther). 



Head 3; depth 4 to 4. D. X-I, 21; A. II, 9; scales 8-63 (pores)-18, 66 

 series of scales. Head large, bluntish, the snout shorter than in C. 

 stolzmanui, 4 to 4-J- in head; eye 6; maxillary nearly head, reach- 

 ing well past eye; gill rakers ?- eye, about 4 + 8. Body rather robust; 

 lateral line becoming straight at a point well in advance of vent; dorsal 

 spines slender, the longest 2| in head; soft rays of dorsal and anal scale- 

 less ; caudal double truncate, the middle rays longer than the head without 

 snout; pectorals nearly reaching tips of ventrals, more than - length of 

 head; second anal spine evident. Color white, somewhat bluish above, 

 without markings. Pacific coast of tropical America, not rare at Panama. 

 Like the others of the genus, it is a food-fish of importance. This species 

 is close to Cynoscion xanlhulus, but the scales are larger, (albus, white.) 



Otolithus albus, GUNTHER, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1864, 149, Chiapas ; Panama; GUNTHER, 

 Fishes Central America, 387 and 429, 1860 ; STEINDACHNEB, Neue u. SelteneFischek. k. 

 Zool. Mus. Wien, 36, 1879. 



Otolithus cayennensis, VAILLANT & BOCOURT, Miss. Sci. Mexique, Poiss., 156, 1874; 

 specimen from La Union ; not cayennensis, LACEPEDE. 



Cynoscion album, JORDAN & GILBERT, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm. 1881, 319. 



Cestreus albus, JORDAN & EIGENMANN, I. c., 370, 1889. 



1787. CINOSCION MACDONALDI, Gilbert. 



(TOTUAVA.) 



Head 3 ; depth 4; eye 5| in head (in young), 12 (in adult); snout 4f. 

 D. IX-I, 24 ; A. II, 7 ; scales 13-85 to 90-22, 50 to 55 pores. Snout sharp ; 

 lower jaw protruding, mouth moderate, somewhat oblique, the maxillary 

 reaching vertical from middle of orbit, 2f to 2f in head. No enlarged 

 canines on either .jaw; teeth in front of premaxillaries mainly in 2 

 distinct rows, uniting laterally to form a narrow band, the inner row 

 composed of smaller teeth directed downward and backward, the outer 

 series of stronger conical teeth, a few scattering teeth between the 2 

 rows; teeth in the lower jaw in a narrow, irregular double series. Eye 

 small. Both vertical and horizontal limbs of preopercle minutely serru- 

 late, entire in the adult; opercle ending in a flattened process showing 

 2 short spinous points, emarginate behind in the adult, without evident 

 spinous points; gill rakers about diameter of pupil, strong, toothed, 1 or 

 2 above angle, 9 or 10 below. Scales very strongly ctenoid, becoming 

 greatly reduced on nape, about 25 to 40 transverse series between occiput 

 and front of dorsal; a narrow, definite, scaly sheath at. base of dorsal and 

 anal, these fins otherwise naked ; caudal scaled for a short distance on 

 basal portion; scales above lateral line rapidly increasing in size back- 

 wards, 13 in a transverse series between lateral line and front of dorsal; 



