Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 1455 



Johnius," BLOCH, Ichthyologia, x, 107, 1793 (carutta, etc., restricted by Dr. Gill to 



carutta.) 

 Sciozna, CuviKB, Regne Animal, Ed. I, 297, 1817 (restricted to Scicena umbra, a Linnjean 



species, and to Scicena aquila, a non-Linnsean one) (not of Regne Animal, Ed. n, which 



is Pseudoscicena, Bloch; type, aquila). 



Bola, FRANCIS HAMILTON, Fishes of the Ganges 1822 (coitor, etc.). 

 Corvina, CUVIER, Kegne Animal, Ed. n, Vol. 2, 1829 (nigra=umbra) . 

 Cheilotrema, TsCHUDi, Fauna Peruana, Fische, 13, 1845 (fasciatum). 

 Jthinoscion, GILL, Troc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1861,85 (saturnus). 

 Callaus, JORDAN, Review Scijcnidrc, 395, 1889 (deliciosus). 



Body oblong, the back more or less elevated and compressed; mouth low, 

 rather small; the snout with conspicuous slits and pores, the lower jaw 

 included; teeth in bands in both jaws, the outer enlarged above; pre- 

 opercle with a crenulate meinbrauaceous edge, but without bony serraj in 

 young or old; gill rakers short and thick, rather few; lower pharyngeals 

 moderate, separate, with bluntish teeth; soft dorsal long, anal short; 

 caudal fin various; second anal spine various. Species very numerous, 

 varying greatly among themselves, mostly belonging to the Old World. 

 (Sciama, the ancient name of Scicena timbra; from tfjczd, shade.) 



CALLAUS (Callao, Peru) : 



a. Second anal spine small and slender, 4i in head; body compressed; teeth of lower 



jaw unequal; gill rakers slender; dorsal and anal scaled at base only; depth 3. 



D. X-I, 23. Color silvery. DELICIOSA, 1837. 



aa. Second anal spine long and stout, 2 to 3 in head ; back elevated ; mouth small. Color 



dusky. 

 CHEILOTREMA (^erAo-?, lip; rp^a, pore): 



b. Vertical fins low, the membranes of dorsal and anal closely scaled; caudal fin Innate, 



the upper lobe the longer, 

 c. Dorsal rays X-I, 27 or 28; snout moderately blunt. SATUBNA, 1838. 



Subgenus CALLAUS, Jordan. 

 1887. SCLENA DELICIOSA (Tschudi). 



Head 3 ; depth 3 T V ; eye 5| in head ; snout 4. D. X-I, 23 ; A. II, 9 ; scales 

 50. Head and body compressed, the back arched, the outline oblong-ellip- 

 tical; profile straightish, rather steep; snout bluntish ; eye rather large, 

 as wide as the broad preorbital; slits and pores on snout anteriorly well 



still smaller. The upper teeth are nearly alike in all of these; of the 4 mentioned they 

 are largest in diacantha, smallest in deliciosa. In some East Indian species (referable to 

 Sola?) these teeth are still larger, some of them almost canine-like. 



The lower teeth are rather large, and chiefly uniserial in diacantha and other species of 

 Bola, in 2 or 3 rows, the inner enlarged in deliciosa and aqirila; in a broad band, some of 

 the inner enlarged in ocellata. In Johnius, Cheilotrema, Scicena, and most of the species 

 of Ophioscion, the lower teeth are in a broad band and equal. 



The preopercle is sharply serrate in youth, becoming entire with age in ocellata. In 

 aquila it is vaguely creuulate in youth, becoming finally entire. In diacantha it remains 

 more or less crenulate. In deliciosa the preopercle is edged by fine flexible seme. In 

 Ophioscfon the preopercle is always sharply serrate. In Scicena, Cheilotrema, and Johnius 

 it is always entire, or at least without bony serratures. 



Among the 4 species first mentioned, the gill rakers are smallest in diacantha (X + 7), 

 when they are short and thick, the longest not the pupil. They are longest in deh- 

 ciosa; when they are slender (a; +12), as long as pupil. In aquila and ocellata they are 

 X + 8 or 9, rather slender and short, about f length of pupil. In most of the species ot 

 the other groups (Ophiofscion, etc.) they are very few, short and thickish, usually not 

 more than * the length of the pupil, the form of the body offers nothing which can be 

 used for generic distinction, as the intergradations are very perfect. The same can be 

 said of the form and the squamation of the fins. 



In the present paper we have withdrawn Ophioscion, Sciamops, and Pteudoscicena, 

 referring the other forms to Scicena. 



r Named for John, an early missionary in Tranquebar. 



