Jordan and Evermann Fishes of North America. 1457 



Corvina (Johniu*)* jacobi, STEINDACHNER, Ichth. Beitr., vm, 3, 1879, San Diego (based 



on young specimens). 



Corvina saturna, G-UNTHEK, Cat. Fish., u, 288, 1860. 

 Rhinoscion satumus, GILL, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1862, 17. 



Scicena saturna, JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 572, 1883; JORDAN & EIGENMANN, I. c., 406. 

 Scicena jacobi, JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 571, 1883. 



585. RONCADOR, Jordan & Gilbert. 

 Roncador, JORDAN &. GILBERT, Proc. U. S. Xat. Mus. 1880, 28 (stearnsi). 



This genus contains a single species, a large Sciamoid of the California 

 coast, much resembling Aplodinotus grunniens and having similar teeth, 

 except that the lower pharyngeals are separate, (roncador, grunter, the 

 Spanish name, one of general application to these fishes, but on the Cali- 

 fornia coast used most particularly for the present genus.) 



1839. ROXCADOR STEARNSI (Steindachner). 



(RONCADOR.) 



Head 3i to 3|; depth 3 to 3; eye 6 in head; snout 3|. D. X-I, 24; A. II, 

 8; scales 7-60-12. Body oblong, heavy forward; the back elevated and 

 compressed; profile long, steep, and convex, abruptly rounded at the 

 snout; snout very blunt, about equal to the interorbital space; mouth 

 moderate, low, subinferior, the lower jaw included; maxillary 2| in head, 

 reaching at least to below middle of eye; preorbital nearly as broad as 

 eye; teeth in both jaws in broad villiform bands, none of them enlarged; 

 lower pharyngeals large, with many rounded molars, the outer series and 

 a patch at the outer corner, composed of villiform teeth; gill rakers 

 slender, rather short, 10-f-16; posterior margin of preopercle with short, 

 stout teeth; dorsal spines strong, the longest 2 in head; caudal lunate, 

 the upper lobe the longer; second anal spine stout, 3 in head; pectorals 

 much longer than ventrals, about as long as head; scales below lateral 

 line in slightly oblique series. Color grayish silvery, with bluish luster, 

 some streaks of dark, points along the rows of scales ; breast and belly 

 with two dusky longitudinal streaks; a very conspicuous jet-black spot 

 as large as eye at base of pectoral; axil and lining of gill cavity black. 



* The nominal species, called Corvina jacobi, described from young specimens taken at 

 San Diego, is doubtless identical with Corvina saturna. The only difference indicated 

 by Steindachner which could Lave any serious importance is in the coloration. In the 

 species of Hcemulon, Anisotremus, and other analogous groups the young often have 

 exactly the coloration assigned to Corvina jacobi, while the adult may be very differently 

 marked. We have not seen the very young of saturna, but have no doubt that it passes 

 through the ^jacobi" coloration in the course of its development. 

 The following is the substance of Dr. Steindachner s description : 



Head 8; depth 3. D. X-I, 27; A. II, 8; scales 11-56-16. jBody moderately elevated; 

 mouth moderate, rather inferior; maxillary reaching middle of eye; outer rows of teeth 

 in each jaw slender, somewhat enlarged, those in the upper jaw much larger than in 

 lower; preopercle finely serrate. Dorsal spines very slender, the fourth \ length of 

 head, higher than the soft rays ; second anal spine more than twice as strong as dorsal 

 spines, as long as from middle" of eye to edge of opercle, lower than the soft rays. Caudal 

 truncate or slightly concave; pectorals shorter than ventrals, the first ray of the latter 

 being filamentous. Scales on body and head ctenoid. Silvery gray, darker above; 3 



of scales? fins plain, "more 'o^less^punctiilafe : markings probably less distinct inthe adult. 



