Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 1459 



dal and base of pectorals but not on other fins ; lateral line little curved 

 anteriorly ; scales below lateral line in oblique series. Color bluish above, 

 silvery below; about 15 narrow dark wavy bands extending from the dor- 

 sal downAvard and forward to below lateral line; a round black humeral 

 spot rather smaller than eye; fins plain olivaceous, the caudal not yellow. 

 This species is one of the most common food-fishes of our Southern coast, 

 bring an excellent pan fish. Notwithstanding the numerous nominal spe- 

 cies which authors have recognized, there is no evidence whatever of the 

 existence of more than one species of Lewstomus on our coasts. South 

 Atlantic and Gulf coasts of United States; Cape Cod to Texas; once 

 doubtfully recorded from Martinique.* (avQ6g, yellow; 6vpd, tail.) 

 Leiostomus xanthurus, LACEPKDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., IV, 439, pi. 10, fig. 1, 1802, Carolina; 



CUVIKR & VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 142, 1830; JORDAN & GILBERT, Synop. 



sis, 574, 1883; JORDAN & EIGENMANN, I. c., 409, pi. 6, 1889. 



Mugil obliquus, HITCHILL, Trans. Lit. and Phil. Soc. New York 1815, 405, New York. 

 Scicena, multifasciata, LESUEUR, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci, Phila., n, 1821, 255, east Florida 



(Coll. McClure, Ord, Say & Peale). 

 Leiostomus humeralis, CUVIER & VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 141, pi 110, 1830. 



New York. 

 Homoprion xanthurus, HOLBROOK, Ichthyol. S. Carolina, Ed. I, 170, 1856; GIRARD, U S. 



and Mex. Bound. Survey, 11, 1859. 

 Sciccna xanthnrus, (iuxxHKR, Cat., n, 288, 1860. 



Leiotttomus olliquus, DEKAY, New York Fauna: Fishes, 69, pi. 60, fig. 195, 1842. 

 Scicena obliqua, GUNTHER, Cat., n, 288, 1860. 



587. PACHYPOPS, Gill. 



Pachrjpops, GILL, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Fhila. 1861,87 (trifilis). 



Fresh-water Sciamoids of Guiana and Brazil, closely allied to Ophioscion, 

 but with small barbels in a tuft at the symphysis of lower jaw; teeth 

 feeble; preorbital serrate; mouth very small, inferior; preorbital turgid 

 and cavernous, more or less translucent; first dorsal rather short, the 

 spines feeble ; anal short, with weak spines; soft dorsal long; caudal fin 

 rhombic ; soft parts of vertical fins closely scaled. Very close to Pachyurus, 

 Agassiz, another South American fresh- water genus, from which Pachypops 

 differs only in the presence of barbels, (itaxvs, thick; vrto, below; o5^, 

 eye.) 



1841. PACHYPOPS FURCRJEUS (Lacepede). 



Head 3; depth 4. D. X-I, 25 to 27; A. II, 6; scales 58. Maxillary 

 scarcely reaching front of eye, its length 4 to 4 in head ; barbels 3, minute 

 (sometimes obsolete) ; snout prominent, blunt, 2f in head; eye very large, 

 3 in head ; mouth very small, overlapped by the turgid preorbital ; teeth 

 small, equal; gill rakers very small; soft dorsal and anal completely 

 scaled; pectorals 1 in head; caudal rhombic, 1 i n head; second anal 

 spine 2;V in head; longest dorsal spine 1. Color uniform dusky, paler 

 below ; dorsals punctate with black. Rivers and estuaries from Guiana to 

 Uruguay; common in brackish or fresh waters. According to Dr. Berg it 

 is found in Uruguay in brackish, never in fresh waters. The specimen here 



* Cette espece n'est pas bornee a I'Arnerique septentrionale ; nous 1'avons re9uede Mar- 

 tinique, parM.Plee. (Cuvier & Valenciennes.) 



