

Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 1465 



590. UMBRINA, Cuvier. 



Umbrina, CUVIER, Regne Animal, Ed. I, 297, 1817 (cirrosa; Scicena L. being restricted to 

 Scicena umbra, a Linnaean, and to Scicena aquila, a non-Linnaean species). 



Scicena, BLEEKER,* Poissons de la Cote de Guinee, 66, 1862 (cirrosa; not the earliest re- 

 striction to a Linnaean type). 



Body moderately elongate; back somewhat arched. Head oblong, with 

 the snout thick and protuberant; mouth almost horizontal, of moderate 

 size; preoperculum with its bony margin finely serrate; lower jaw with a 

 single thickish barbel. Teeth in villifonn bands, the outermost in. the 

 upper jaw somewhat enlarged. Anterior dorsal with about 10 spines; anal 

 fin with 2 spines, the second not very small. Caudal lunate or truncate. 

 Gill rakers normal, but short. Air bladder well developed. This genus 

 contains a considerable number of species, most of them being American. 

 It agrees with Sciwna in nearly all respects, excepting the presence at the 

 chin of a short, thick barbel. A similar barbel is found in the genus Men- 

 ticirrhus, but notwithstanding the fact that all European writers have 

 confounded Mentinrrlnix with Umbrina, the two genera are not really very 

 closely related, (umbra, shade; the name -umbra was used for the typical 

 species by early writers, being equivalent to Scicena.) 



UMBRINA : 



a. Dorsal rays only X-I, 25? no cross bands ? BROUSSONETII, 1848. 



aa. Dorsal rays X-I, 20 to 29; serra> of preopercle slender, not notably flattened. 



b. Body with about 9 dark vertical cross bands, besides narrow undulating 

 streaks along the rows of scales ; second anal spine 2 in head ; pectorals If. 



COROIDES, 1849. 



66. Body without dark cross bands, the rows of scales above with distinct undu- 

 lating streaks. 



c. Snout bluutish, short, 3 in head; seme of preopercle comparatively 

 numerous and strong, subterete; body rather slender; the dark 

 streaks strongly marked ; fins largely yellow. RONCADOR, 1850. 



cc. Snout longer than eye, 3 to 3J in head; preopercle distinctly serrate. 



d. Second anal spine large, 2 in head; profile straight, moderately 

 steep; snout rather acute; eye 4J in head; mouth small, in- 

 ferior, the, maxillary reaching middle of orbit, its length 2J in 

 head ; dark streaks on scales strongly marked. 

 e. Gill cavity pale ; scales 5-48 ; second anal spine 2 in head. 



XANTI, 1851. 

 ee. Gill cavity dark; scales 7-51; second anal spine 2 in head. 



SINALO^E, 1852. 



dd. Second anal spine short and thickish, 3 in head. Back elevated, 

 the anterior profile steep and rather convex ; snout blunt, much 

 protruding; mouth small, horizontal; the maxillary reaching 

 just past pupil. 3 in head; eye 5 in head; streaks on scales 

 obscure. GALAPAGORUM, 1853. 



aaa. Dorsal rays X-I, 30 to 33 ; preopercle with its edge weakly crenulate; mouth rather 

 large, subterminal; maxillary reaching posterior border of pupil, 2^ in head; 

 second dorsal spine highest, 2 in head ; soft rays high ; second anal spine 2 in 

 head; pectorals slightly shorter than ventrals, which are Ig in head; dark 

 streaks faint. DORSALIS, 1854. 



' Je note ici que 1'espece typique du genre Scicena Art. etant V Umbrinacirrosa CV., 

 lei 

 po 

 ivai 



No. 47, pt. 2 15 



