Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 1479 



ventrals and anal pale, with dusky edges ; pectorals a little dusky, darker 

 on the inner side. Length 8 to 12 inches. Panama; abundant on sandy 

 shores ; a very strongly marked species. It has been wrongly described as 

 possessing pseudobranchia*. Our specimens obtained by Dr. Gilbert at 

 Panama. (Named for Auguste Dumeril, ichthyologist of the museum at 

 Paris, author of 2 volumes of an unfinished Histoire Natural des Poissons 

 son of A. M. Constant Dume'ril, author of Ichthyologie Analytique.) 



Polycirrhus dumerili, BOCOURT, Nouv. Arch. Mus. d'Hist. Natur., iv, 22, 1868, La Union 

 (Coll. F. Bocourt); JORDAN, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1883, 288; note on Bocourt's 

 type. 



Genyonemus fasciatus, STEINDACHNER, Ichth. Beitr., n, 31, 1875, Panama ; JORDAN & GIL- 

 BERT, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm. 1882, 111. 



Polijcirrhus dumerili, JORDAN & EIGENMANN, I. c., 415, 1889. 



Subgenus ZONOSCION, Jordan & Evermann. 



1865. PARALONCHURUS RATHBUNI (Jordan &Bollman). 



Head 3| (4$ in total) ; depth 3f (4) ; eye 4 in head; snout 3f. D. X-I, 

 29 or 30 ; A. II, 9. Lateral line 53 to 55. Body elongate, compressed ; back 

 elevated, profile from snout to dorsal straight or slightly S-shaped; ven- 

 tral outline gently arched, base of anal oblique; caudal peduncle short 

 and compressed. Head low, little compressed. Snout short and blunt, 3| 

 in head. Mouth small ; maxillary slightly longer than in P. peruanus, reach- 

 ing pupil, 3 in head. Teeth small, villiform, outer enlarged, those of upper 

 jaw largest. Preopercle with a crenulate membranaceous border; least 

 width of preorbital 6 in head. Gill rakers short and rather thick, 5 -f 10, 

 lower much smaller. Scales on snout, below eyes, and on anterior 

 part of breast, cycloid; caudal scaly; dorsal and anal nearly scale- 

 less, with a scaly sheath at base. First dorsal spine very short, inserted 

 over base of pectorals; third and fourth equal, 2 in head; anterior dor- 

 sal rays 3 in head, posterior 2 ; second anal spine 3 in head, longest ray 

 2 ; distance between bases of ventrals and anal 3 in body. Pectorals not 

 extending beyond ventrals, If to If in head; ventrals not reaching vent, 

 If to If in head, outer ray filamentous; longest caudal ray 1} in head, 

 the median rays longest, the upper lobe slightly truncate and slightly 

 concave, the lower cut off still more obliquely. Color bluish silvery, more 

 yellow beneath; scales from base of pectorals to caudal with larger dots; 

 back with 4 or 5 very faint broad dusky cross bands, the 1 at end of 

 spinous dorsal largest; a black spot larger than eye near origin of lateral 

 line; membrane of spinous dorsal thickly dusted; soft dorsal with a pale 

 streak through its middle ; anal, outer | of ventrals, and nearly all of pec- 

 torals dusky ; caudal rusty at base, followed by a pale area and then a 

 dusky one; a large black humeral spot. Length 7 inches. Related to 

 Paralonchnrus peruanus (Steindachner), from which it is separated by its 

 shorter pectoral, shorter dorsal spines, longer snout, and more dorsal rays. 

 Panama; rather rare. (Named for Mr. Richard Rathbun.) 



Polycirrhusrathbuni, JORDAN & BOLLMAN, Proc. U. S. Nat, Mus. 1889, 162, Panama. (Type, 

 No. 41170. Coll. Albatross.) 



