1482 Bulletin 4.7, United States National Museum. 



interorbital area as broad as eye, which is as long as snout ; snout small, 10 

 in head ; snout soft, depressed, with conspicuous pore at tip ; mouth oblique, 

 subinferior; maxillary reaching a little beyond eye; teeth in fine bands; 

 barbels 2, not longer than eye; preopercle with crenulate, meinbranaceous 

 margin; upper ray of pectoral much elongate, 2f in body; caudal elongate 

 lanceolate, 4 in body ; first ray of ventral reaching front of anal ; anal short 

 and high, its spines weak, inserted before middle of soft dorsal; scales 

 mostly cycloid ; lateral line becoming straight above anal. Color brownish ; 

 pectoral and caudal fins black, other fins dusky. (Cuvier & Valenciennes.) 

 West Indies to Guiana; rare; not seen by us. (lanceolatus, lance shaped.) 



Perca lanceolata, BLOCK, Nov. Act. Sc. Copenh., in, 383, 1788, India. 



Lonchurus barbatus, BLOCK, Ichthyol., pi. 360, 1793, Surinam; CUVIER & VALENCIENNES, 



Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 193, 1830 ; described from BLOCK'S type. 

 Lonchurus depressus, BLOCK & SCHNEIDER, Syst. Ichth., 102, 1801, Surinam; CUVIER & 



VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 195, 1830; GUNTHER, Cat., n, 317, 1860. 

 Lonchurus lanceolatus, GUNTHER, Cat., n, 317, I860; JORDAN & EIGENMANN, I. c., 434, 1889. 



594. POGONIAS, Lac6pede. 

 (SEA DRUMS.) 



Pogonias, LACEPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., in, 138, 1802 (fasciatus cromis). 

 Pogonathlis, LACEPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 121, 1803 (courbina). 



Body short and deep, the dorsal outline much elevated, the ventral 

 nearly straight. Mouth moderate, the upper jaw longest; teeth small, in 

 villiform bands, the outer not enlarged; lower pharyngeal bones large, 

 fully united, armed with strong paved teeth; lower jaw with numerous 

 barbels, each about \ as long as the eye; preoperculum entire, with a 

 membranaceous edge. Dorsal fins slightly connected, the spines high and 

 strong ; caudal fin subtruncate ; first anal spine short, the second exceed- 

 ingly large., nearly as long as the soft rays; pectorals and ventrals long; 

 gill rakers short and bluntish. Pseudobranchise large. Marine species, 

 reaching a very large size, among the largest of the Scicenidw, 2 species 

 known. (Ttooycovia^ bearded.) 



a. Body deep, the depth about 2| in length; snout blunt, 3| in head. D. X-1, 21; scales 

 47 ; back usually without distinct oblique streaks. CROMIS, 1869. 



aa. Body more elongate, the depth about 3 in length ; the snout more acute, 3| in head. 

 D. X-1, 19; scales 50; color more silvery, with oblique faint dark streaks along 

 the rows of scales above. COURBINA, 1870. 



1869. POGONIAS CROMIS (Linnams). 



(DRUM.) 



Head 3; depth 2fc; snout 3f in head. D. X-I, 21; A. II, 5 or 6; scales 

 5-47-9. Body oblong, the back much elevated, ventral outline almost 

 straight, the depth rapidly diminishing from the first dorsal spine back- 

 ward; profile rather steep and slightly convex; mouth moderate, inferior, 

 the maxillary not reaching middle of eye, 3 in head; teeth in broad 

 bands, the outer series above scarcely enlarged; snout blunt, longer than 

 3ye; lower pharyngeals large, completely united, covered with many blunt 



