Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 1511 



behind base of pectorals, their ends not reaching to tip of pectorals; dor- 

 sal spines much shorter than the soft rays, the last the longest; soft dorsal 

 highest in front; anal spines very small, the third the longest, much 

 shorter than the soft rays; caudal widely forked. Color silvery, steel 

 blue on back; angle of preopercle with a dark spot; a dark blotch on 

 upper end of opercle ; dorsals dusky, darker at ends of rays ; anal dusky ; 

 tips of veutrals black ; axil of pectoral dusky, the fin white ; caudal black- 

 ish at base, tips black. Described from a specimen 8 inches in length, 

 collected in Japan by Mr. Keinosuke Otaki. (Named for C. J. Temminck, 

 one of the authors of the splendid Fauna Japaniea.) 



JHtrema trninii/ickii, I'.I.KKKKR, Vcrli. Pat. Genootsch., xxv, Japan, 33; GUNTHER, Cat., 



IV, 246, 1862. 

 Ditrema Iceve, GUNTHEB, Cat., n, 392, 1860, Japan. 



NEODITREMA, Steindachner. 

 Neoditretna, STEINDACHNER, Beitr. Kenntn. Fisehe Japans, n, 32, 1883 (ransonnetii). 



This genus is allied to Ditrernctj but lacks teeth in the jaws, and the lower 

 lip is without frenum. Scales very small, deciduous, 70 in lateral line. 

 Japan, (veog, neAv; Ditrema.) 



NEODITREMA RANSONNETII, Steindachner. 



Head 3f to 3|; depth 3. D. VI to VIII-21 or 22; A. Ill, 26 or 27; eye 

 3f in head; interobital 4; snout 4. Body strongly compressed, especially 

 the belly under the pectorals ; anterior profile more or less concave ; under 

 lip projecting, thin, not interrupted in the middle; maxillary reaching to 

 below anterior edge of orbit. Anal spines short; caudal forked, as long 

 as head ; ventrals equal head without snout. Scales cycloid, 3 or 4 rows 

 on cheek; top of head, maxillary, lips, and orbitals naked; a few scales 

 on soft dorsal and anal; pharyngeals as in Ditrema. Back to lateral line 

 dark golden brown, under parts golden yellow; the middle of caudal fin 

 is light yellow, at its base and end of fin dark brownish violet. Two 

 specimens in the museum at Vienna, from Yokohama; a larger specimen 

 collected by Dr. Doderlein, 170 mm. long. (Steindachner.) 

 Xeoditrema ransonnetii, STEINDACHNER, Beitrage /Air Kenntniss derFische Japans, n, 32, 

 1883, Yokohama. (Coll. Baron Ilansounet and Dr. Doderlein.) 



Suborder CHROMIDES. 



Lower pharyngeals fully united; nostril single 011 each side; in other 

 respects similar to the Percoidea on the one hand, and to the Pharyngoynathi 

 on the other, showing characters of both, with the unique feature of the 

 simple nostrils. Species very numerous, referable to 2 large families the 

 one marine, living about coral reefs, the other fluviatile, swarming in the 

 rivers of the tropics, especially in those of South America. 



a. Anal spines 3 to 10 ; gills 4, a slit behiud the fourth ; pseudobranchise obsolete; verte- 



Imi' in increased number; fresh water species. CICHLID^S, CLVIII. 



aa. Anal spines 2 only; gills 3, slit behind fourth small or none; pseudobranchias 



well developed ; vertebra 24 or 25 ; marine species. POMACENTBIDJE, CLIX. 



