1532 Bulletin ^7, United States National Museum. 



1932. HEROS BASILARIS, Gill & Ikansford. 



Depth 2. D. XVI, 12; A. VII, 8. Head normal, snout above convex 

 and blunt in front, length of snout little more than \ length of head; 

 interorbital area slightly raised; preoperculum nearly vertical; buccal 

 scales in 4 rows ; jaws normally developed; supraniaxillary terminating at 

 a vertical very little in advance of orbit ; lips moderately developed and 

 free all around; teeth of outer row of rather large size; dorsal fin mod- 

 erately developed; anterior spines normally graduated, the rest subequal; 

 soft rays when bent back extending nearly to terminal third of caudal; 

 anal fin commences under thirteenth dorsal spine, its first 3 spines rapidly 

 and the succeeding moderately graduated; longest soft rays when bent 

 back reaching second third of caudal ; caudal 4^ or 44- times in extreme 

 length, and its margin is convex-truncate; pectoral fin extending to verti- 

 cal of third and ventral fin to that of fourth or fifth anal spine ; caudal 

 peduncle not much higher at base than long, and decreases very gradually 

 to fin ; back declines moderately to tail, and regularly decurved in front 

 of dorsal fin. Color bronzed olive, with (in young, at least) 1 bands ; in 

 fourth band is developed a distinct blackish spot just under lateral line, 

 and on base of caudal fin, above lateral line, is another, but smaller, black- 

 ish spot ; dorsal and anal fins dusky, but soft parts much darker at biise 

 than on rest of their fins and surface ; caudal fin also much darker at its 

 basal third than behind; pectoral and ventral fins dusky and uniform, 

 save that the filamentary rays of veiitrals are darker. Lake Nicaragua. 

 (Gill & Bransford.) (basilaris, basal.) 



Herosbasilaris, GILL & BRANSFORD, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1877, 182, Lake Nicaragua. 



1933. HEROS NICARAGUENSIS, Giinther. 



Head 3$ ; depth 2f . D. XVIII or XIX, 11 ; A. VII, 8 or 9 ; scales 5-35-13. 

 Head much higher than long, in consequence of an adipose swelling above 

 eye (in adult), which renders shape of head Coryplia>na-like ; snout ele- 

 vated; preorbital wider than orbit, the diameter of which is more than 

 of length of head; cleft of mouth rather narrow, horizontal, the jaws 

 equal in front; maxillary not extending back to vertical from front of 

 orbit; teeth in a band, those of outer series somewhat enlarged, and with 

 brown tips; irterorbital space very convex, not quite twice as broad as 

 orbit; eye about equally distant from end of snout and that of opercle 

 and far below upper profile of head; vertical fins scaly at base; spinous 

 dorsal not very low, the sixteenth spine J as long as head; first dorsal 

 spine inserted above upper end of gill opening; dorsal and anal spines 

 long; pectoral not quite as long as head; soft portions of dorsal and anal 

 slightly produced, the former extending nearly to middle of caudal ; free 

 portion of tail as high as long; caudal slightly emarginate, its length con- 

 siderably more than J total; ventral having outer ray much produced and 

 reaching to sixth anal spine; fold of lower lip interrupted in middle; 

 scales on cheek in 6 series, rather irregularly arranged. Brownish olive 

 above, yellowish below ; back with 5 or 6 obscure blackish cross bands, 

 not extending downward to beyond middle of side; many scales with a 



