1542 Bulletin 47, United States National Museum. 



1951. NEETROPLUS MCARAGUENSIS, Gill & Bransford. 



Head short ; depth 2|. D. XVIII, 11 ; A. VII, 7. Snout convex forward 

 and subtruncated in front; length (or depth) of snout equaling nearly ^ 

 that of head; interobital area convex; preoperculum moderately oblique; 

 supramaxillaries terminating at a vertical about a pupil's length in 

 advance of orbits; lips moderately developed, the lower interrupted by 

 a broad isthmus in front; caudal peduncle slender, its length equaling its 

 height; dorsal spines increasing in a bold curve from first to fifth, the rest 

 subequal; the soft rays, when bent back, reaching nearly to terminal half 

 of caudal ; anal fin commencing about under fourteenth dorsal spine, the 

 first 3 spines rapidly increasing, the succeeding more slowly, the longest 

 rays reaching to second third of caudal fin ; caudal fin forming about of 

 extreme length, its posterior margin truncated; pectoral fin extending to 

 about a vertical with the anus; ventral fin to about the third or fourth 

 anal spine, the filament of the external ray moderately produced. Color 

 olive brown, almost uniform; fins also uniform, save that perhaps the 

 soft portion of dorsal and anal are darker at base. Lake Nicaragua. (Gill 

 & Bransford.) 



Neetroplus nicaraguensis, GILL & BRANSFORD, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1877, 186, Lake 

 Nicaragua. 



619. SATANOPERCA, Giinthor. 



(PAPPATERRAS. ) 

 Geophagus, HECKEL, Brasil. Fluss-Fische. Ann. "Wien. Mus. 1840, 383 (surinamensis) . 



Body compressed, oblong, covered with moderate, ctenoid scales; eye 

 behind middle of head; mouth moderate, the teeth very small, conical, in 

 narrow bands; fold of lower lip interrupted mesially; preorbital deep; 

 dorsal spines 13 to 15; anal spines 3; base of soft dorsal naked; cheek 

 with small scales; outer gill arch provided with a compressed lamelliform 

 lobe above, its concave side provided with short horny processes, the edge 

 of the lobe with more or less distinct papillae. Fresh waters of Brazil and 

 Peru ; 1 species entering our limits. This genus is very close to Geopha- 

 guSj with which Steindachner and Eigenmann have reunited it. The soft 

 dorsal is scaly at base in Geophagus. (tfararas, a demon; Ttepnr}, perch; 

 the type species was called a devil, Geophayus dcemon, for no obvious 

 reason.) 



1952. SATANOPERCA CRASSILABRIS (Steinrtachner). 



Head2|; depth 2f; eye 5 in head; snout If; maxillary 3; mandible 3. 

 D. XVI, 9; A. Ill, 8; scales 5-35-9. Body short and stout; snout long, 

 the dorsal outline abruptly and strongly arched above the eyes, forming 

 a prominent hump ; ventral outline gently curved ; caudal peduncle long 

 and slender; mouth moderate, little oblique, maxillary not reaching more 

 than f distance to vertical of orbit; premaxillaries protractile; upper lip 

 with a broad flap in front, and strongly resembling that of Neros lolochi- 



