1588 Bulletin 4.7, United States National Museum. 



bb. Side below spinous dorsal with a very broad, blackish cross bar. 



c. General color bluish or olive; dark cross bar obscure, running from middle 



of spinous dorsal to the space between ventrals and vent; behind this 



a pale-yellowish bar ; head and anterior region with round, pale-bluish 



spots, which extend on back and on the dark bar ; dorsal bluish at base, 



yellowish above, with regular blue spots ringed with darker ; a narrow, 



blue margin along edge of fin ; caudal with obscure round bluish spots ; 



anal like dorsal; pectorals and ventrals plain. NICHOLSI, 1996. 



cc. General color red; dark cross bar conspicuous from the fourth to seventh 



dorsal spines downward to middle of sides ; scales of sides each 



with a vertical blue line, those anteriorly margined with violet ; sides 



of head with blue lines and spots; dorsal and caudal orange, the 



former with oblique broken lines of blue, the latter with a few blue 



spots at base; anal violet, then yellowish, then margined with blue, 



with a blue median line and broken blue lines at base ; other fins pale. 



Head 3^ in length ; canines strong ; scales on nape in 5 or 6 series, not 



crossing the median line ; caudal very slightly emarginate ; outer ray 



of ventral twice inner ray, and reaching vent. SELLIFER, 1997. 



aa. Caudal fin rounded or subtruncate; the outer rays not produced, shorter than the 



middle rays. 



d. Scales before dorsal reduced in size, extending across the median line, and in 

 10 to 13 rows; ventral short, its rays not filamentous; snout rather blunt; 

 body moderately elongate, the depth 3J in length; color olivaceous, with 

 some blue and bronze markings ; males with a broad indigo-blue cross band 

 behind pectorals; females with inky spots on the scales of the upper 

 posterior part of back ; pectorals yellow, with a black axillary spot. 



SEMICINCTUS, 1998. 

 dd. Scales before dorsal large, in 4 to 6 rows, not crossing the median line; snout 



moderately pointed. 

 e. Ventral fins with the outer rays produced, more than twice the length of 



the inner. 



/. Side without conspicuous dark lateral band and with a distinct dark 



vertical bar, extending downward from spinous dorsal; axillary 



spot obscure ; body rather elongate, the depth about 3| in length ; 



profile not steep ; posterior canines rather small ; head with black 



streaks and spots above; caudal sharply barred. GARNOTI, 1999. 



ff. Side with a broad blue-black lateral band extending from eye to tip 



of caudal, the back above this, dark brown or bluish; spinous 



dorsal with no conspicuous black spot ; a dark-blue stripe from 



eye to nape; fins mostly blue-black with pale edgings; middle 



and base of caudal dusky ; tip of pectoral dusky ; profile rather 



steep; body rather robust, the depth 3 in length. 



CYANOOEPHALUS. 2000. 



ee. Ventral fins with outer ray not produced, its length not more than 

 that of inner rays ; side with a dark lateral band ; species of small 

 size. 



g. Spinous dorsal with a conspicuous blue-black spot between the fifth 

 and seventh spines; body not very slender, the depth 3f in 

 length ; a dark band from snout through eye to opercle, the lat- 

 eral band on side broader than eye and placed a little above the 

 opercular band, the lateral band extending nearly to tip of cau- 

 dal ; no second dark band below it ; a faint dark spot under last 

 dorsal ray and one at base of pectoral above; 2 or 3 narrow 

 bluish-white s f ripes across cheek; body and fins in life with 

 bright colors which fade in alcohol. MACULIPINNA, 2001. 



gg. Spinous dorsal pale, the black spot very small or wanting; body 

 slender, the depth 4 in length; opercle with a conspicuous 

 black spot; a blue-black band from snout through eye and 

 across opereles to base of caudal, not extending on the fin ; a 



