1688 Bulletin //, United States National Museum. 



duced ; first and second dorsal spines very short, the third greatly produced, 

 ending in a long filament exceeding total length of fish ; the longest soft 

 ray about 1 i n body ; posterior dorsal rays short, vertical or even inclined 

 forward; pectoral some longer than snout, about equal to ventrals. Color 

 in life, snout chiefly white, point of upper jaw black, followed by a large 

 orange patch separated from the white by a narrow black band; lower 

 jaw mostly black ; anterior part of body from first dorsal spine to ventrals 

 black, this crossed by 2 narrow vertical blue lines, the first beginning at ori- 

 gin of ventrals, extending upward and forward, then backward j ust behind 

 orbit, and ending on median line of back in front of dorsal fin; the second 

 beginning on abdomen, crosses body at base of pectoral and ends at origin 

 of dorsal fin; a third less distinct one extends upward and backward from 

 eye; a broad whitish bar, nearly as broad as length of head, begins on 

 anterior part of dorsal tin and crosses body somewhat obliquely backward, 

 covering anterior portion of anal fin; posteriorly this bar is washed with 

 yellow or orange, which gradually fades into the white of the anterior 

 part; next conies a black bar ^ as wide, covering the bases of about 14 

 dorsal rays and widening out upon the anal so as to cover the greater part 

 of about 24 rays; in the posterior part of this black band is a narrow 

 white line; next a yellow or orange band covering all of the caudal pedun- 

 cle and the posterior portions of the dorsal and anal fins ; caudal fin black, 

 a narrow white line at base ; tip of caudal fin with a crescent-shaped bor- 

 der of white more or less washed with yellowish ; pectorals pale ; ventrals 

 black. East Indies and islands of Polynesia; common and widely distrib- 

 uted; ranging east to the Re villagigedo Archipelago. (Gilbert; McGregor.) 

 Not taken elsewhere on our coast, (cornutus, horned.) 



? Chcetodon canescens, LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat., Ed. x, 272, 1758, Indies; after ARTEDI; young. 

 Ohcetodon cornutus,* LINNJEUS, Syst. Nat., Ed. x, 273, 1758, Indies; after ARTEDI; adult; 



LACEPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iv, 473, pi. 2, fig. 1, 1803. 

 Zanclus centrognathus, CUVIER & VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vn, 528, 1831, near 



Equator, 75 E. 



Oonopterus moerens, GRONOW, Cat. Fishes, Ed. Gray, 77, 1854, India. 

 Zanclus cornutus, CUVIER & VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vn, 102, pi. 177, 1831. 

 1 Zanclus canesctns, GUNTHER, Cat., n, 493, 1860. 



Family CLXVII. TEUTHlDIDuE. 



(THE SURGEON-FISHES.) 



Body oblong, compressed and iisually elevated, covered with very small 

 scales ; lateral line continuous. Tail armed with 1 or more spines or bony 

 plates. Eye lateral, high up; preorbital very narrow and deep. Nostrils 



* According to Bleeker, our species, which is Zanclus cornutus, is distinct from Zanclus 

 canescens, differing in the absence of the preopercular spine, in the longer head (3 in total 

 length), and in the presence of a large black fenestrated spot below eye and on snout. 

 Bleeker's figure shows a black streak from forehead to tip of snout, with a black streak 



young and Zanclus cornutus the adult of the same spe , 



name canescens having precedence. The above description is from specimens taken at 

 Honolulu. 



