Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 1797 



deep notch between dorsals, the twelfth spine contained 2f times in 

 the fourth; soft dorsal higher -than spinous dorsal, the longest rays 

 slightly more than - length of head ; caudal evenly rounded, If in head ; 

 anal spines graduated, the second not stronger than the third, con- 

 tained 1 times in its length; third spine 2 in head; longest soft ray 

 If; ventrals reaching vent, If in head; pectorals reaching beyond vent, 

 nearly to opposite iirst anal spine, the 8 lower rays much thickened, sim- 

 ple and undivided; base of pectorals wide, 3| in head. Scales on sides 

 of body weakly ctenoid, feeling smooth to the touch, those 011 breast 

 minute; no accessory scales on body; head very completely scaled, 

 including top of head as far forward as nasal spines, entire suborbital 

 ring, exposed portion of maxillary, and the mandible; accessory scales 

 numerous on sides of head; scales on maxillary and mandible minute, 

 smooth, partially embedded; soft dorsal, anal, and caudal densely envel- 

 oped in minute scales to their tips, the scales equally present on rays and 

 membranes; ventral rays scaled on anterior face, the membranes naked; 

 the lower thickened rays and the upper 4 or 5 rays of pectoral scaled at 

 base only, the others scaled to tip ; axillary side of pectorals naked. The 

 general color, when fresh, reddish orange, much mottled on back and upper 

 part of sides with dark brown; dorsal, anal, and caudal dusky orange, 

 with darker membranes; pectorals and ventrals dusky; lining of gill 

 cavity and peritoneum, bright silvery white; opercular flap orange, pre- 

 ceded by a dark blotch; 3 faint dark streaks on side of head, 1 run- 

 ning lengthwise of maxillary, 1 from the narrow suborbital across the 

 cheek to the fourth preopercular spine, a third from eye backward and 

 downward to base of upper 2 preopercular spines ; snout and mesial por- 

 tion of lower lip dusky; top of head mottled with brown and orange 

 red; 4 inconspicuous round spots of clear orange along back, 1 under 

 third and fourth dorsal spines, 1 under seventh and eighth, 1 under origin 

 of soft dorsal, the last under its terminal rays. Most nearly related to 

 S. atrovircns, having a strongly convex interorbital space; strong, low, 

 cranial ridges ending in short, strong spines, of which the postocular and 

 nuchal are Avanting. Caudal convex. It differs most conspicuously in 

 its red color, strongly protruding lower jaw, and very long slender gill 

 rakers. Length about a foot. Coast of California; known from 1 speci- 

 men, probably from Monterey. 



Sebastodes atrorubens, GILBERT MS. (Type, No. 1873, L. S. Jr. Univ. Mus., from San Fran- 

 cisco market.) 



2199. SEBASTODES ATROVIRESS (Jordan & Gilbert). 



(GARRUPA.) 



Head 3; depth 2f. D. XIII, 14; A. Ill, 6; scales 52. Bones of skull 

 thick ; parietal ridges moderate, ending in spines, supraocular spine absent ; 

 preoculai- and postocular spines present, sharp, slender, the ridges little 

 developed; tympanic sometimes present, small. Parietal bones widely 

 separated; interorbital space nearly 3| in base of skull, nearly flat, a 

 median depression between 2 ridges, covering mucous canals; ventral 





