Jordan and Evermann .Fishes of North America. 1877 



ond. dorsal high, its rays gradually shortened; anal long, its spines high; 

 ventrals elongate, wide apart, reaching past front of anal; pectorals short 

 and narrow; caudal short, slightly emarginate. Head and body every- 

 where covered with minute, imbricated, very rough, shagreen-like scales. 

 Olivaceous, the body and upper fins spotted with rusty brown; the verti- 

 cal fins marked with blackish ; a black streak before eye ; suborbital bluish 

 silvery. Length 12 inches. Pacific coast of the United States, from San 

 Francisco northward; abundant in deep water; a slender fish of dry, firm 

 substance and singular form. Here described from specimens from off 

 Point Reyes. (latns, broad; pinna, fin.) 



Zaniolepis latipinnis, GIRAKD, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1857, 202, Fort Steilacoom, Puget 

 Sound (Coll. Dr. Suckley) ; GIRARD, U. S. Pac. K. R. Surv., x, Fish., 73, pi. 17, figs. 5 and 

 6,1858; GUNTHER, Cat., ii, 94, 1860; JORDAN & GILBERT, Synopsis, 647, 1883. 



225. ZAMOLEP1S FRENATUS, Eigenmann. 



Head 3f in length of body ; depth 5f . D. XX-I, 12 ; A. Ill, 15 ; eye 3| in 

 head ; snout 3| ; maxillary 3 ; third dorsal spine 1 ; second dorsal ray 2 ; 

 pectoral 1^; ventral 1^; second anal spine 3 ; caudal 1$. Form of Z. lati- 

 pinnis, slender, tapering backwards, anterior profile gently convex, the 

 snout sharp, the lower outline scarcely curved. Mouth at lower side of 

 snout horizontal, the maxillary reaching vertical from front of pupil, 3 in 

 head. A blunt spine on head of maxillary in front of nostrils. Teeth in 

 broad cardiforui bands on jaws, vomer, and palatines; no canines. Nasal 

 spines very strong, much more developed than in Z. latipinnis. Eye very 

 large, 3| in head. Interorbital space narrower than in Z. latipinnis, strongly 

 concave, with a deep, median, scaleless groove, widening anteriorly. A 

 long, narrow, supraorbital cirrus, more than ^ as long as diameter of eye, 

 on supraorbital rini behind middle of eye. (A minute flap similarly 

 placed in Z. latipinnis.) Two or 3 preopercular spines developed, with 1 or 

 2 on shoulder; no other spines on head. Gill rakers short, tubercular, 

 not toothed, 10 or 11 on anterior arch. Gill membranes narrowly joined 

 across throat. Dorsal beginning over upper angle of gill opening ; spines of 

 anterior part of fin with membranes deeply incised, the first 3 or 4 being more 

 than half free ; none of the spines produced into filaments, all stiff to their 

 tips, which are pungent; the anterior spines varying in relative length, 

 but the third seems normally the longest, 1 to 1 in head, the second and 

 third about equal, the fin thence shortened to the twentieth spine, the 

 twenty-first again lengthened; anal spines strong, the second the longest, 

 | longer than third; anal rays free at tip and thickened, becoming 

 gradually higher posteriorly, the last rays not abruptly lengthened as in 

 Z. latipinnis; pectoral long, * head, its upper portion longest, the lower 

 rays thickened towards tips, and serving as a support as the fish rests on 

 the bottom ; ventrals long, the outer rays thickened, longest barely reach- 

 ing vent ; caudal truncate. Scales as in Z. latipinnis, minute, but regularly 

 disposed, thejr posterior edge with 5 to 8 strong spines, nearly as long as 

 width of scale; tubes and pores of lateral line not externally visible ; 

 head and body entirely scaled, except snout, premaxillaries, part of inter- 

 orbital space, and lower side of head; series of spinous scales extend to 



