Jordan and Evermann. Fishes of North America. 2177 



abundant in the Mediterranean. (rpiyXa, Trigla, classical name of 

 Mullus barbalus, still used by the fishermen of the Adriatic, transferred to 

 this group by Artedi for no evident reason.) 



2504. TRIGLA CUCULUS, Linnaeus. 

 (RED GURNARD.) 



Head 3J; depth 5. D. IX-17; A. 16; plates along lateral line 65; eye 

 5f in head; second dorsal spine 1^ ; pectoral 1^; anal 1^; caudal 1. 

 Body not anywhere compressed; head everywhere covered with rough, 

 bony plates; mouth moderate, with bands of villiforrn teeth on jaws and 

 vorner; maxillary scarcely reaching to front of eye; snout truncate, with 

 2 or 3 spines on each side; eyes placed high; a couple of spines on supra- 

 orbital rim above anterior edge of eye; interorbital deeply concave; post- 

 temporal, with its upper surface rugose, ending as a spine behind ; a couple 

 of spines on opercle in front of the flap; a spine on clavicle just above 

 pectoral fin ; a series of long, narrow plates along lateral line ; back and 

 sides covered with small scales, belly naked ; a ridge of about 26 spines 

 extending along base of dorsals, ending at posterior end of soft dorsal; 

 spinous dorsal triangular in outline, the second spine the longest, spines 

 rapidly decreasing in length behind it, second spine reaching to soft 

 dorsal when depressed; pectoral long and narrow, reaching to front of 

 anal; ventrals inserted a distance of | eye behind lower end of base of 

 pectoral, reaching nearly to tip of pectorals; caudal long and emarginate. 

 Color rose-red on back, white below ; inner face of pectoral blackish, the 

 outer face slightly dusky; other fins dusky. Southern Europe; said by 

 Cuvier to have been once brought from New York by Milbert; a very 

 doubtful record. No recent collector has found any species of Trigla in 

 American waters. The specimen here described is from the Paris market. 

 (cuoilus, cuckoo.) 



Trigla tola rubens, ARTEDI, Genera Piscium, 45, 1738. 

 Tri'jla cuculus* LINNJSUS, Syst. Nat., Ed. x, 301, 1758, Mediterranean, open sea ; after 



ARTEDI. 



Trigla pini, BLOCH, Iclithyol., pi. 355, 1793; GUNTHER, Cat., n, 199; CUVIER & VALEN- 

 CIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iv, 26; DE KAY, New York Fauna: Fishes, 43, pi. 70, 1842; 

 DAY, Fish. Gt. Brit., 58, 1880. 



Family CLXXXV. PERISTEDIID^E. 

 (THE DEEP-WATER GURNARDS.) 



Body elongate, fusiform, covered with bony plates, each of which is 

 armed with a strong spine ; head bony ; each preorbital produced into a 

 long, flat process, which projects more or less beyond the mouth; mouth 

 small, inferior, like that of a sturgeon; teeth none; lower jaw provided 

 with barbels; gill membranes separate, narrowly joined to the isthmus 



*Pf>lynemus tridigitatus, MITCHILL, Trans. Lit. and Phil. Soc., I, 449, 1815, New York (no 

 description), referred by Dr. Giinther to the synonymy of Trigla cuculus, is apparently 

 based on a recollection of some species of Prionotus. It is certainly not a Trigla. 



