1910] FOREST, GAME AND FISH WARDEN. 83 



53. Eed Fox (Vulpes fulvus). Bather common in some sections in the 

 mountains. 



54. Gray Fox (Urocyon cineoargenteus). Very common in the mountains 

 and increasing in numbers. 



55. Gray Wolf (Canis occidentalis). Almost extinct. A few may still 

 occur in the black spruce belt. 



56. Wild Cat; Catamount (Lyox rufus). Common throughout the moun- 

 tainous section. 



57. Panther (Felis concolor). Extremely rare even in the most remote sec- 

 tions of the mountains. 



ARTIFICIAL PROPOGATION OF FISH AND ITS APPLICATION TO 

 WEST VIRGINIA WATERS 



BY 

 ROBERT K. ROBINSON 



The artificial propagation of fish in America was undertaken not a great 

 many years ago. It was in 1864 that Seth Green, who has been justly called 

 the "Father of American Fish Culture," constructed the first fish hatchery^ 

 on the banks of Caledonia Creek in the State of New York, not far from the 

 present city of Rochester. There in a little one-room building Mr. Green 

 clearly demonstrated the possibility of raising fish in almost countless num- 

 bers, by artificial methods. Therefore Seth Green's name will go down in 

 American history as the discoverer of methods and the founder of an industry 

 of great importance to the people of- this country. 



Inspired by Mr. Green's success, others took up the work of fish culture as 

 a private enterprise. Notable among those interested in fish culture in its 

 early days was Livingston Stone, who in 1876, at Charleston, N. H., established 

 the first commercial fish hatchery in the United States. It remained, however, 

 for Seth Green to give fish culture its greatest importance. This was done by 

 developing methods for hatching fish of commercial value, or perhaps better 

 known as the principal food fishes. This branch of fish culture soon began 

 to develop, and several of the states soon took it up. The state of New 

 Hampshire first established a fish commission in 1864, followed closely by the 

 state of Massachusetts, and in 1871 the "United States Commission of Fish 

 and Fisheries, through the efforts of Prof. Spencer F. Baird, was- created by 

 Congress." From that time on up to the present, fish cultural work has 

 been extended and has now become of such importance that practically every 

 northern state, from the Atlantic to the Pacific oceans, has its own fish com- 

 mission and numerous hatcheries. The United States Bureau of Fisheries, 

 as it is now known, has kept abreast of the times and is now operating some 

 thirty-six permanent and ninety auxiliary and collecting stations, located in 

 thirty-three states. During the past few years, under the efficient direction 

 of lion. George M. Bowers, a native of West Virginia, the bureau of fisheries 

 hpg rapidly developed, and the output of eggs and fish now exceeds three and 

 one-half billions annually. 



