84 PHARMACAL PLANTS AND THEIR CULTURE. 



coast slopes, would seem suitable for cinchona culture, especially the 

 hardy C. officinalis. (U. S. Disp., pp. 388-418.) (Bailey, Cycl. Am. 

 Hort, 316.) (Univ. Calif. Coll. Agr. Rep., pp. 74-75, 1879; pp. 103- 

 105, 1883.) 



James MacPherson, who has resided at the plateau of the Nilgiri 

 Mountains in India, states that the list of plants in the Report of the 

 Park Commissioners of Golden Gate Park is closely similar to that of 

 the Nilgiri Plateau. 



For reference to literature and abstracts of papers on the history, 

 uses and cultivation of Cinchonas, see volumes of Proceedings of the 

 American Pharmaceutical Association, especially the earlier numbers 

 ranging from the first number up to 1880 and later. Each volume 

 will have several references to the subject. 



239. Cinnamomum camphora Nees. Camphor tree. Laurinece. 

 Has escaped from cultivation and thrives well throughout the State. 



Of slow growth. No practical attempts at cultivation and camphor 

 production on a large scale have thus far been made in the United 

 States. There seems to be no good reason why California, Florida 

 and, other warm states should not supply camphor. The California 

 tree is evidently as rich in camphor as that of China and Japan, as is 

 shown from recent tests made at the California College of Pharmacy 

 by E. M. Kimberlin. Whether camphor production could be made 

 profitable in California has not yet been determined. Carefully 

 planned tests and experiments would be very desirable to determine 

 this. 



240. Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees. Ceylon cinnamon. Laurinece. 

 Cultivated in southern part of the State. Other species are also cul- 

 tivated. No commercial use made of the bark. Handsome trees. - 



241. Cirsium (Cnicus) arvensis Scop. Canada thistle. Composite. 

 This plant is" said to contain an alkaloid and have emetic, tonic and 



diaphoretic properties. Root astringent, and has been used medicin- 

 ally. An introduced plant. (H. J. Pierce. Am. Journ. Pharm. 58: 

 1896.) 



242. Cistus species. Rock rose. Labdanum. Cistacece. (See, also, 

 Labdanum.) 



Evergreen shrubs extensively cultivated. Contain a resinous sub- 

 stance (labdanum) which is of considerable commercial value in the 

 Orient. It is an expectorant tonic, formerly much used in catarrh 

 and dysentery. Now used only in plasters. (C, labdaniferus L. and 

 other species.) (Am. Journ. Pharm. 47:499. 1875.) (Proc. A. Ph. 

 A. 27:224. 1879.) 



