PHARMACAL PLANTS AND THEIR CULTURE. 119 



522. Magnolia species. Magnoliacece. 



Handsome trees, extensively cultivated, especially M. grandiflora, 

 with its large white blossoms. The bark and fruit of all species are 

 reputed to have medicinal properties. The root bark is most generally 

 employed, useful in malaria and rheumatism. A popular medicine is 

 made by macerating the fruit or bark in brandy, said to be very effi- 

 cacious in chronic rheumatism. (Proc. A. Ph. A. 35: 147, 1887.) 



523. Malacothrix coulter! Gray. Composite. 



Said to be poisonous. (University of California Coll. Agr. Exp. 

 Sta. Rep, p. 258, 1897-98.) 



524. Malpighia glabra L. Barbadoes cherry. Nance bark. Mal- 

 pighiacece. 



A native of Mexico, which could no doubt be grown in the southern 

 parts of the State. The Mexicans use the bark in tanning; said to con- 

 tain twenty-six per cent of tannin. (Am. Jo urn. Pharm. 16: 239.) 



525. Malus rivularis Roem. Oregon crabapple. Rosacece. 

 The sour fruits used in fevers, in wine making, etc. 



526. Malva species. Mallows. Malvacece. 



Very abundant in the State. Many introduced species cultivated as 

 ornamental plants, arbor plants, etc. They possess demulcent prop- 

 erties. 



527. Malva parviflora L. Mallow. Malvacece. 



Has laxative properties; useful in indigestion. Eaten in India. 

 Seeds used as a demulcent in coughs and colds and in urinary troubles. 



528. Malvastrum coccineum Gray. Red false mallow. Malvacece. 

 A forage plant. Reported to be poisonous. 



529. Mandragora officinarum L. Mandrake. Solanacece. 



A European herb famed in history and folk lore. Was formerly 

 credited with all manner of supernatural powers and marvelous cura- 

 tive properties. Now no longer used medicinally. This plant must not 

 be confused with Podophyllum pelatum, May apple, which is also known 

 as mandrake. (Peters' History of Pharmacy and Medicine.) 



530. Mangifera indica L. Mango. Aurantiacece. 



A tropical fruit tree, cultivated in portions of southern California 

 and in Florida. The fruit is delicious. All parts of the tree have a 

 sweet, resinous fragrance. (U. S. Dept. Agr, Div. Pomol. Bui. 1.) 

 (Bailey Cycl. Am. Hort, 978.) (Proc. A. Ph. A. 25: 218, 1877.) 



531. Manihot utilissima Pohl and M. aipi Plan. Cassavas. Eu- 

 phorbiacece. 



These well-known starch yielding plants thrive well in the southern 



