PHARMACAL PLANTS AND THEIR CULTURE. 139 



said to be violent and dangerous. Used also to destroy tape worm. 

 (Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 7: 304.) 



704. Pulsatilla hirsutissima Brit. Ranunculacece. 

 Reported to be poisonous. 



705. Puniaca granatum L. Pomegranate. Lythrariacece. 



Well known fruit tree, extensively cultivated in southern portions of 

 le State. Well known medicinally. (Proc. A. Ph. A. 28: 176, 1880.). 



706. Purshia tridentata D .C. Rosacece. 



Indians use a decoction of the leaves as a cough medicine. The 

 lirections are ; * take lots of leaves, drink about a cup full. ' ' 



707. Pyrethrum species and varieties. Compositce. 



Many species and varieties are cultivated, including P. roseum and 

 . cinerarisefolium, from which insect powders are made. Several 

 )rands of insect powders are manufactured in California, including the 

 r ell-known buhach. 



708. Pyrola picta Smith. White veined skin leaf. Ericaceae. 

 Plasters and poultices made from the leaves are applied to bruises 



md sores. 



709. Pyrola rotundifolia bracteata Gray. Indian lettuce. Canker 

 lettuce. Ericaceae. 



A tincture of the fresh plant is used in the treatment of ulcers, sores 

 and cancer. 



710. Pyrus cydonia L. Quince. Rosacece. 



This well-known fruit tree is common throughout the State of Cali- 

 fornia. 



711. Quercus species. Oaks. Cupuliferce. 



Some of the California oaks (Q, lobata, Q. agrifolia) are remarkable 

 for size and grandeur. Nine species occur within the State. The bark 

 of Q. densiflora (California tan bark oak) is very rich in tannin, used 

 medicinally, and also in tanning. The seeds of the several species are 

 roasted and eaten by Indians, and constitute a very important article 

 of diet. Small galls of the size of a pea are common on the California 

 live oak. Large galls, several inches in diameter, occur on another 

 species of oak (Q. lobata, California oak galls) which are reported to 

 be rich in tannin. 



The fresh galls are used in the treatment of sore eyes. The bark of 

 Q. lobata is used in the treatment of dysentery. The bark of Q. cali- 

 fornica and Q. douglassii is mixed for tanning purposes. (P. H. Lane : 

 Cal. Tan Bark Oak, Cal. College of Pharm., Thesis, 1902.) (Contrib. 

 U. S. Nat. Herb. Vol. 7: No. 3), (Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 7:343), 

 (Proc. A. Ph. A, 27:275, 1879.) 



