144 PHARMACAL PLANTS AND THEIR CULTURE. 



743. Rubia tinctorum L. Madder. Rubiacece. 



The plant has some medicinal use, but is cultivated principally for 

 the dye (madder) which it yields and which is a highly valued pigment 

 used by artists. It thrives well in the State under cultivation. The 

 grower should also manufacture and market the dye. Full directions 

 and suggestions for culture and manufacture must be sought elsewhere. 

 (U. S. D. 1.) (U. of C. Exp. Sta. Rep. p. 244, 1890.) 



744. Rubus species. Raspberries and blackberries. Rosacece. 

 Numerous native and introduced species and varieties occur in the 



State. The fruits are highly relished. The bark leaves and the fruits 

 are used medicinally. The noted Loganberry is an acidulous fruit for 

 convalescents. Highly prized for jellies and preserves. It is a cross 

 between the raspberry and blackberry. (Dispensatories and Materia 

 Medica.) 



745. Rubus idaeus L. Raspberry. Rosacece. 



The red and black varieties are extensively cultivated in the State. 



746. Rubus vitifolius C. and S. Blackberry. Rosacece. 



This native plant is rich in tannin and could no doubt be substituted 

 for the official species. 



747. Rumex species. Dock. Polygonacece. 



Many species occur within the State. They have medicinal proper- 

 ties. Several species have been grown commercially. Some are very 

 troublesome weeds. 



748. Rumex crispus L. Yellow dock. Polygonacece. 



Used in cutaneous diseases, scrofula, syphilis, etc. The leaves are 

 eaten as greens, and the seeds are made into a mush. Decoction given 

 for inflammation of bladder, fevers and colds. 



749. Rumex hymenasepalus Torr. Canaigre. Wild pie plant. 

 Polygonacece. 



This plant is very rich in tannin and has been grown on a commercial 

 scale in California. Used in tanning. Used medicinally by Indians 

 and Mexicans ; also used as an article of diet. 



750. Ruta graveolens L. Rue. Rutacece. 



A well-known pot herb extensively cultivated everywhere. Used as 

 a condiment and in the treatment of hysteria, colic, etc. 



751. Sabal serrulata Nutt. Saw palmetto. Palmacece. 



A natice of the Southern states, which grows in the southern por- 

 tions of California. The fruit with the pericarp (putamen) removed 

 is used medicinally as a diuretic, nerve sedative, tonic and expectorant, 

 and is official in the United States Pharmacopoeia. 



