154 PHARMACAL PLANTS AND THEIR CULTURE. 



829. Triosteum perfoliatum L. Horse gentian. Bastard ipecac. 

 Caprifoliacece. 



A native of the United States, which spreads very rapidly and is very 

 easily cultivated. It has cathartic and diuretic properties, and in large 

 doses is emetic. 



830. Trillium species. Bethroot. Liliacece. 



The roots are very persistently pungent and have decided emetic 

 properties. Used medicinally by Indians. 



831. Trillium sessile giganteum. Liliacece. 



The tuberous roots are used medicinally by Indians. A decoction is 

 said to have soporific properties. The crushed roots and leaves are used 

 as a poultice for boils, etc. (Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 7: 329.) 



832. Turnera diffusa Willd. Damiana. Turneracece. 



This plant is found in the West Indies, Mexico and California. It 

 yields the damiana of the drug market, but its action is considered 

 unreliable. (Proc. A. Ph. A. 24: 185, 1876.) (U. S. D.) 



833. Tussilago farfara L. Coltsfoot. Compositce. 



An introduced plant which spreads very rapidly. The leaves and 

 entire plant are used medicinally in lung troubles, coughs and colds. 

 Used in scrofula. (Am. Journ. Pharm. 340, 1887.) 



834. Typha latifolia L. Flag tule. Cat tail. Typhacece. 

 Indians use roots and base of the stems as food. The down is used 



for bedding. Medicinal uses uncertain. 



835. Ulex europseus L. Furze. Gorze. Leguminosce. 



A popular European plant, cultivated as an ornamental plant in 

 California. The seeds contain an alkaloid (ulexine) which is similar 

 to cytisine; used in cardiac dropsy. (U. S. D.) 



836. Ulmus species. Elm. Ulmacece. 



Several native and introduced species occur in the State. They are 

 handsome ornamental shade plants. The bark is very rich in mucilage, 

 and forms a very popular demulcent medicine. 



837. Umbelliferous plants. 



Members of this group occur in great variety, wild growing as well 

 as under cultivation. Among them may be mentioned fennel, caraway, 

 cumin, dill, parsley, angelica, conium and others. 



838. Umbellularia californica Nutt. California laurel. Mountain 

 laurel. Lauracece. 



A tree common throughout the State. Very variable in size. All 

 parts of the plant are highly aromatic. The leaves, which contain a 

 volatile oil, are used as a condiment in soups. The seeds also contain oil. 



