WOOD-USING INDUSTRIES OF CALIFORNIA. 23 



BOXES AND CRATES, PACKING. 



r c 'stern yellow pine (white pine, mountain pine}. California; 



Nevada; Arizona. 



Of total yellow pine manufactured 84.6 per cent used in this industry. 

 Beer cases ; box shocks ; fruit and shipping boxes. 

 Light, soft, easily worked, nails well in thin pieces, makes clean, neat 

 >pearing box, does not shrink. 



Some logs, mostly rough lumber, box grades, 1 to 2 inches thick. 

 By-products: balusters, brackets, ceiling cores, corner blocks, crest- 

 ig, piling sticks, stakes ; edgings converted into core stock for veneered 

 >rs; thin strips into moldings; sawdust used for refrigeration and 

 reeping purposes. 



NOTE. One manufacturer estimates that a carload of orange-box shocks contains 

 J.OOO pieces g by 1 by Hi inches. 



itka spruce. Oregon ; "Washington. 



Of total spruce manufactured 69.5 per cent used in this industry. 

 Berry chests; butter, cheese, cracker, egg and fruit boxes; cannery 

 id packing cases. 



Light, white, strong, tough, odorless, tasteless, holds nails well. 

 Bolts, lumber, veneer. Rough, box, common and merchantable lum- 

 jr, f to 1J inches thick. Veneer, 2,100,000 feet of 1-24 and 1-20 inch 

 dck used. 



By-products : cleats for box covers, crate material, tent stakes, wash- 

 ird frames ; sawdust converted into floor polish and butcher and meat 

 lop floor covering. 



igar pine. California; Oregon. 



Of total amount of sugar pine manufactured 58.8 per cent used in 



tis industry. 



Boxes : box shocks. 



Light, soft, cheap, holds nails without splitting; good appearance. 



Logs: rough, box, 1 to 2 inches thick. 



By-products: small boxes. 



r estern hemlock. Oregon; Washington. 



Of total amount of hemlock manufactured 59.2 per cent used in this 



idustry. 



Box shocks ; butter, cracker, fruit boxes, etc., crates. 



Good grain ; strong, tough. 



Rough, common or box, 1 to H inches thick. 

 White fir. California. 



Of total amount of white fir manufactured 22.1 per cent used in this 

 industry. 



Boxes, box shocks. 



Durable, cheap, easily available in some localities ; nails well. 



Rough, box, 1 to 1 inches thick. 



NOTE. In some cases the knots are cut out and the holes plugged. 



