WOOD-USING INDUSTRIES OF CALIFORNIA. 87 



Strong ; tough ; durable against wear and decay. 



Rough, clear, | to 4 inches thick. 



Auto-top bars : 8 feet 4 inches by 1 inch by 1J inches. 



l>\ -products : brake and spring blocks; bung starters; hook and tool 

 handles; mallets. 

 Yellow poplar (ivhitewood) . Middle West; South. 



Of total amount of yellow poplar manufactured 81.2 per cent used in 

 this industry. 



Auto body panels; bodies; boxes; buggy, surrey and wagon body 

 sides, buggy and wagon beds ; moldings ; panels ; seats. 



Close grained ; light ; smooth ; soft ; easy to work ; pliable ; finishes and 

 paints well ; does not check or warp. 



Rough or surfaced, clear, f to J inch thick. 

 Eastern ash (white ash). Middle West; South. 



Of total amount of eastern ash manufactured 64.9 per cent used in 

 this industry. 



Auto tops ; axle beds ; body frames on autos ; bodies ; buggy sills ; cross 

 pieces; flooring; footboards; framing; gears; panels; poles; rails; 

 reaches; ribs; seats; shafts; sills; spring bars; truck poles; tongues; 

 wheels. 



Strong for its weight, tough, elastic ; works easily ; bends well ; retains 

 its shape ; does not split or warp. 



Rough No. 1 and 2, 1 to 3 inches thick ; old and second growth used. 

 Douglas fir. Oregon; Washington. 



Of total amount of Douglas fir manufactured 0.3 per cent used in 

 this industry. 



Bars, beams and stringers on wagons; beds and floors of wagons; 

 bottoms of delivery and express wagons; cross bars; doubletrees; foot- 

 boards ; frames ; fruit trucks ; hay wagon bodies. 



Light ; strong ; tough ; cheap ; durable ; wears well. 



Bottoms and floors of heavy wagons : rough, clear, 1 inch thick. 



Bottoms and floors, delivery and express wagons : ^ to 2 inches thick. 



Cross-bars, doubletrees : former 2 by 4, latter 3 by 6 inches. 



Footboards: } and 1 inch thick. 



Frames, beds, bodies : rough, clear and select, 1 to 8 inches thick. 



NOTE. Some California Douglas fir is used locally; and is considered stronger 

 and tougher than that from Oregon and Washington. 



Red birch ( black birch, white birch) . New England ; Lake States ; 



Middle West. 



Of total amount of red birch manufactured 18.5 per cent used in this 

 industry. 



Felloes ; filler boards on automobile dashes ; hubs ; poles. 



Strong ; tough ; bends well. 



