I9II] A. J. ROSANOFF AND FLORENCE I. ORR 237 



equivalents, of conditions which are cHnically altogether dissimi- 

 lar. For instance, in Chart XVII one subject is noted as having 

 been " insane during pregnancy with second child, recovered," 

 and her sister as a " religious recluse, nun in convent in Aus- 

 tralia " : perhaps in this instance the difference between the mar- 

 ried state and celibacy accounts for the difference in manifesta- 

 tions. In Charts XIX and XXVII we find cases of senile dete- 

 rioration related to peculiar psychoses occurring earlier in life ; 

 in one case we find the following note : " When a girl went to 

 Washington, lost her money, could not tell why she went there, 

 was placed in an institution ; says a man has ' witched ' her ; has 

 in her pocket a bottle of gin which she takes ' for blood poison ' " ; 

 — in another case : " Irritable in early years of marriage, had 

 hysterical spells, ill-treated her step-children " ; — and in a third 

 case : " Nervous after sister's death, was too nervous to be in- 

 terviewed or visited by anyone." In Charts XXII and XXIX the 

 following cases are associated as family equivalents with epilepsy : 

 " Moderately alcoholic, ideas of persecution against relatives " ; 

 — " Loquacious, rambling, odd, had severe attacks of depression 

 following childbirth"; — "Subject to spells of severe depres- 

 sion " ; — " Seems to have lost interest in life, when interviewed 

 would say only ' I know nothing more than sister told you ' " ; — 

 " Moderately alcoholic, never settled down to anything but roamed 

 around all his life until he died at the age of 62 years of pneu- 

 monia." It should be pointed out here that in classifying the 

 matings there is always a possibility of error especially in the 

 direction of overlooking neuropathic traits and, owing to misin- 

 formation or misjudgment of our informants, counting one or 

 both mates as normal who should properly be counted as neuro- 

 pathic. Thus in individual instances matings classified as belong- 

 ing to the fourth type (DRx DR) may in reality be of the second 

 type (RRxDR), in which case, as already shown, the neuro- 

 pathic offspring may present defects of different degrees of re- 

 cessiveness and not necessarily equivalents. Errors could be 

 guarded against only with the aid of a large amount of material ; 

 in other words any two dissimilar neuropathic manifestations 

 should not be definitely classed as equivalents unless they are 

 repeatedly met with in brothers and sisters of a large number of 

 families resulting from matings of the fourth type. 



