190 



CALYCANTHACE^. Amelanchier. 



partiaUy 2-celled : styles united below or distinct. Fruit berry-like, globose ; the 

 cells 1 -seeded. — Shrubs or small trees ; leaves simple, serrate ; flowers white, race- 

 mose ; fruit purplish, edible. 



A genus of perhaps half a dozen species in Europe, Western Asia, and Japan, besides the North 

 American forms which have received a dozen or more specific names but are usual y referred to a 

 single polymorphous species. The prevalent form on the western coast is suBiciently well marked 

 to be considered distinct from A. Canadensis of the Atlantic States. 



1. A, alnifolia, Nutt. A shrub, 3 to 8 feet high, glabrous throughout or often 

 more or less woolly -pubescent : leaves broadly ovate or rounded, occasionally oblong- 

 ovate, obtuse at both ends or rarely acute, often somewhat cordate at base, serrate 

 usually only toward the summit, | to 1| inches long : racemes short : calyx usually 

 tomentose within : petals 3 to 12 lines long, narrowly oblong : fruit mostly 3 or 4 

 lines in diameter. — Aroma alnifolia, Nutt. Genera, i. 306. Amelanchier florid a, 

 Lindl. Bot. Eeg. t. 1589. A. Canadensis, var. alnifolia, Torr. & Gray, Fl. i, 473. 



On mountain-sides throughout the State, from near the level of the sea to an altitude of 10,000 

 feet in the Sierra Nevada. It ranges northward to British Columbia and eastward to the Kocky 

 Mountains, varying much with the character of the locality in which it is found. 



28. CANOTIA, Torrey. 



Calyx small, campanulate, deeply 5 -cleft, persistent, imbricate in the bud. Petals 

 5, oblong. Stamens 5, hypogynous ; filaments attenuate-subulate, persistent. Ovary 

 superior, 5-celled : styles united, stout, persistent : stigma terminal : ovules several, 

 amphitropous, attached to the central angle. Capsule woody, oblong, attenuate 

 into the persistent style, septicidally 5-valved, the valves 2-cleft. Seed solitary, 

 attached by the middle, oblong, compressed, produced below into a membranaceous 

 wing. Embryo surrounded by fleshy albumen ; cotyledons broad ; radicle inferior. 



A leafless shrub or small tree, with straight spinose branches, and smooth green 



bark ; flowers white, in small lateral cymes. 



A genus of a single species, very anomalous in its characters, and here appended to the RosacccB 

 (with wliieh it has'little in common) only because it is so referred by Bentham & Hooker. 



1. C. holacantha, Torr. Often 10 to 20 feet high, much branched ; the light 

 green striate surtace of the branchlets marked by scattered small dark scars from 

 which small scale-like leaves appear to have fallen : cymes few-flowered, bracteate 

 with small thick triangular bracts : calyx very small : petals 2 lines long, equalling 

 the stamens and pistil : capsule 9 to 12 lines long, dehiscent to the middle : seeds 

 half as long, including the wing, which is as long as the dark finely tuberculate 

 body. — Pacif P. Rep. iv. 68. 



On the Providence Mountains (Coojxr), and in the desert region of W. Arizona, Emor>/, Bigelow, 

 Newherrij, Parry, and Palmer. 



Order XXXIII. CALYCANTHACE^. 



Aromatic shrubs, with opposite entire leaves (not punctate), no stipules, sepals, 

 petals and stamens indefinite, as it were passing into each other, and all coalescent 

 below into a closed cup which is lined by a hollow receptacle or disk, bearing 

 numerous simple pistils (becoming akenes) in the manner of the Rose : the anthers 

 adnate and extrorse : cotyledons foliaceous and convolute. 



Consists of the United States genus CahjcanfJms, and the Japanese genus of a single species, 

 Chimojianthus ; probably most allied to the apetalous order Monimum oi the soutliern hemi- 

 sphere, but generally ranked next to Rosacew ; by Bentham and Hooker placed next to Magnohacue 

 and the cui^taken to be wholly receptacle or torus. But the same interpretation is now commonly 



