272 UMBELLIFER^. Ferula. 



* * Leaves more coarsely divided. 



3. F. Californica, Gray. Habit of the preceding : leaves ternate and pinnate, 

 or twice ternate, the leaflets ciineate-obovate or -oblong, an inch or two long, usu- 

 ally 3-lobed, coarsely toothed above, smooth : rays 2 to 4 inches long ; involucre of 

 1 or 2 narrow elongated bracts ; involucels Avanting : fruit 5 to 7 lines long, 3 or 4 

 wide, a little narrower below, on pedicels 2 to 4 lines long ; dorsal ribs indistinct 

 except at the ends ; oil-tubes distinct, somewhat anastomosing ; Aving thinner than 

 in the preceding. — Proc. Am. Acad. vii. 348. Leptotoima Californica, iS^utt. 1. c. ; 

 Torrey, Pacif. E. Rep. iv. 92. 



Napa Valley to Meudocmo County. 



25. DAUCUS, Toum. Cakrot. 



Calyx 5-toothed. Disk and stylopodium mostly small and depressed. Fruit 



ovate or oblong, the carpels semiterete or somewhat dorsally flattened; primary ribs 



liliform and bristly, the intermediate more prominent and winged with a row of 



more or less united barbed prickles ; oil-tubes solitary under the wings. Seed flat 



on the face or nearly so. — Annual or biennial, setosely hispid ; leaves pinnately 



decompound with very small segments ; involucral bracts foliaceous and divided, 



those of the involucels entire or 3-lobed ; outer rays of the umbels often longest and 



connivent over the inner ones in fruit ; flowers mostly white. 



Some 30 or more species inhabit the northern temperate regions of the Old World, of which 

 the cultivated Carrot, D. Carotn, is in many places naturalized, becoming a noxious weed. The 

 only recognized native species of the United States is the following. 



1 . D. pusillus, Michx. Annual or biennial, erect, a foot or two high, retrorsely 

 hispid : lea\es hipinnate, the segments pinnatifid, with short narroAvly linear lobes : 

 rays 2 to 6 lines long, nearly equal ; involucre bipinnatifid, as long as the small 

 umbel ; involucels equalling the yellowish flowers : fruit 1^ to 2 lines long, shortly 

 pedicellate, the prickles usually equalling or exceeding the width of the body : seed 

 somewhat concave on the face. 



Widely distrilinted, ranging from the S. Atlantic States to the Pacific, and on the western 

 coast from Nootka Sound to Mexico. It has also been found in N. Patagonia and the Sandwich 

 Islands. A peculiar form was collected by Dr. Torrey near San Francisco, very low and scarcely 

 caulescent, the stout peduncles 2 or 3 inches long ; fruit 1 to 1| lines long, in dense subglobose 

 heads, the rays being obsolete. 



26. CAUCALIS, Linn. 



Calyx-teeth prominent. Stjdopodium thick and conical. Fruit as in Daucns, but 

 somewhat more laterally compressed, and the seed involute or deeply channelled. — 

 Annuals, mostly hispid ; leaves dissected ; umbels few-rayed, often opposite the 

 leaves or sessile ; flowers white or purplish. 



About 20 species, chiefly of the IMediterranean region, one or two widely naturalized, 



1. C. nodosa, Hudson. Decumbent, branching only at base, the stems 1 or 2 

 feet long, retrorsely hispid : leaves pinnate Avith pinnatifid divisions : umbels naked, 

 opposite to the leaves, nearly sessile, of 2 or 3 very short rays : fruit ovate-oblong, a 

 line long, entirely covered with rough tubercles or usually Avith stout prickles barbed 

 or bent at the point : seed involute. 



Native of Euiope and N. Africa, intr-oduced into Chili and Peru, and thence into California : 

 seen only fiom around San Francisco, Holder, Kellogg. 



2. C. microcarpa, Hook & Arn. Erect, slender, G to 15 inches high, nearly 

 glabrous : leaves much dissected, slightly hispid : umbels apparently sessile at the 



