Actinella. COMPOSITiE. 393 



Meadows and swamps near the sea, in Mendocino and Humboldt Counties, Bolawler. A most 

 striking large-flowered species. Rays an inch long when well developed. Disk at first depressetl- 

 hemispherical, becoming globular in fruit : the summit of the peduncle thickened under it. 



* * Heads rather large, the globose disk half an inch or more wide, and the rays half 

 to three fourths of an inch long : root perennial : herbage glabrous or minutely 

 pubescent. 



3. H. autumnale, Linn. Stem leafy to the corymbose .suminit, a foot to 3 or 

 4 feet high : leaves broadly lanceolate (2 to 4 mches long), often serrate : heads 

 mostly several on slender rather short peduncles : scales of the pappus ovate or 

 ovate-lanceolate and awn-pointed, from half to two thirds the length of the corolla. 



Probably along the northern borders of the State, being common in Oregon (the var. grandi- 

 florum, Torr. & <4ray), also in Kevada ; thence to the Atlantic States. 



4. H. Bigelovii, Gray. Stem from one to three feet high, commonly simple : 

 leaves lanceolate or elongated-oblong varying to linear, entire (3 to 6 inches long, 3 

 to 6 lines or rarely over an inch wide) : head on a slender peduncle from 3 to 18 inches 

 long ; rays numerous, half an inch or more in length : disk depressed-globose, from 

 half to two thirds of an inch in diameter : scales of the pappus ovate-lanceolate or 

 subulate, tapering into an awn considerably shorter than the corolla. — Pacif. \i. 

 Eep. iv. 107. 



Wet ground, Sierra to Yosemite Valley, &c., and westward to Lake Co. A very branching 

 specimen, with much shorter rays, collected by Prof. Brewer, (near Monterey ?) may be an extreme, 

 form of this rather than of the following species. 



* * * Reads middle-sized or small ; the rai/s shorter than the globose disk, about a 

 quarter of an inch or less long : root annual or biennial : stems loosely branching. 



5. H. puberulum, DC. Two to four feet high, paniculately much branched, 

 minutely cinereous-puberulent : branches terminating in long slender peduncles : 

 leaves lanceolate and entire, or the lower oblong and rarely incisely toothed, nearly 

 all much decurrent : involucre mostly short and inconspicuous, as also the retlexed 

 rays : scales of the pappus ovate, with a short mucronate tip or awn, one tliird or 

 one fourth the length of the corolla. 



Common along water-courses and shores through the western portion of the State^ from San 

 Francisco Bay southward. Disk half an inch or less in diameter. Rays 2 or at most 3 lines 

 long, usually few. R. Mexicanum, so called, in the Botany of Wliipple's Expedition,^ from 

 Bolinas Bay, appears to be a form of H. 2'>ubcruhim., to which may also belong Coulter's No. 

 357, although it has more slender rays and blunt pappus-scales. The materials of both are 

 insufficient. 



6. H. laciniatum, Gray. A span or two high, branched from the base, 

 cinereous-puberulent : leaves lanceolate or linear, mostly laciniate-pinnatifid, little 

 decurrent, one or two inches long : scales of the involucre mostly longer than the 

 rays, these shorter than the disk : scales of the pappus ovate, abruptly tapering into 

 a conspicuous awn, a little shorter than the broad corolla, about the length of the 

 akene. — Proc. Am. Acad. ix. 203. 



"California," probably on the southeastern borders, Coulter (No. 3.56, 358). Yaqui_ River, 

 Sonora, Dr. Palmer. Pedimcles about 3 inches long. Head with yellow disk 4 to 6 lines in 

 diameter ; the rays 2 or 3 lines long. Disk-corollas a line long, their proper tube extremely 

 short. 



80. ACTINELLA, Nutt. 



Head many-flowered, with 8 to 12 pistillate rays ; all the llowers fertile. Invo- 

 lucre hemispherical ; its scales in 2 or 3 series, nearly equal, ovate or lanceolate, 

 rigid or coriaceous (or the inner with margins membranaceous), appressed. Recep- 

 tacle conical or strongly convex, naked, sometimes villous. Eays conspicuous. 

 3-toothed or 3-lobed at the truncate extremity; disk-corollas elongated-cyhudra- 



