394 COMPOSIT^E. Actinella. 



ceous, with 5 erect short (often glandular-bearded) teeth. Style-branches of the 

 perfect flowers with dilated-truncate minutely penicillate tip. Akenes short, turbinate, 

 silky-hirsute. Pappus of 5 to 12 hyaline 1 -nerved or nerveless chaffy scales; the 

 nerve when conspicuous sometimes projecting into an awn. — Chiefly perennials 

 (of W. North America), low or acaulescent, disposed to be woolly at base of the 

 stem ; the leaves alternate, pinnately parted or entire, usually resinous-impressed- 

 puuctate : heads peduncled, terminating the stem, scape, or branches, sometimes 

 loosely corymbose : flowers yellow. 



The acaulescent species inhabit the Rocky Mountains and the plains eastward. Those in and 

 near California have leafy and branching rigid stems, in tufts from persistent somewhat woody 

 rootstocks. 



1. A. Richardsonii, JSTutt. A span to a foot and a half high, varying from 

 hoary witli shurt wooliiness to nearly glabrou.s, leafy to the top : leaves rigid, peti- 

 oled, 3 - 7-parted into linear or almost hliform divisions, or some of them entire : 

 heads mostly numerous and corymbose : scales of the involucre oblong-ovate, the 

 outer series united at base : receptacle conical, glabrous or minutely pubescent when 

 young : scales of the pappus 5 to 7, ovate-lanceolate, subulate-acuminate, either 

 slightly or considerably shorter than the disk-corollas, mid-nerve hardly any. — 

 Picradenia liirhardsonii, Hook. Fl. i. 317, t. 108. 



Var. canescens, D. C. Eaton. A hoary form, barely a span high, with fewer 

 and larger heads, and shorter ovate and merely acute scales of the pappus. — Bot. 

 King Exp. 175. 



Collected on the, northern borders of the State in the Wilkes Expedition : common in the 

 interior of Oregon and in Nevada, extending to and beyond the Rocky iMountains. Sierra Valley, 

 Lemmon. The latter a form w^ith large heads (about 5 lines high), in this respect, and somewhat 

 in the pappus, approaching the remarkable var. canescens, which was found only on one of the 

 Eastern Humboldt Mountains. 



2. A. Cooperi, Gray. Two feet high, with loose and more simple virgate 

 branches terminated by single heads, minutely puberulent : lower leaves unknown ; 

 upper ones 3-parted into narrow linear divisions : receptacle convex, densely villous : 

 rays elongated, acutely 3-cleft at the summit : scales of the pappus 5, broadly ovate 

 and obtuse or slightly pointed, traversed by an obscure midnerve, not haK the 

 length of the disk-corollas. — Proc. Am. Acad. vii. 359. 



Southeastern border of the State, on Providence IMountains, at the altitude of 5,000 feet, Dr. 

 CooiJcr. Head as large as in the variety of the preceding ; the rays longer. 



81. SYNTRICHOPAPPUS, Gray. 



Head many-floAvered, with 5 pistillate rays; all the flowers fertile. Involucre 

 cylindraceous, of 5 equal and oblong carinate-concave scales, which partly enclose the 

 ray-akenes. Eeceptacle flat, naked. Pvays oval, obtusely 2 - 3-toothed at the apex : 

 disk-corollas nearly funnelform, glabrous and naked, 5-lobed; the lobes ovate- 

 oblong. Anthers tipped with a long lanceolate appendage. Style-branches linear, 

 surmounted by an ovate-lanceolate flat appendage. Akenes linear-turbinate, with 

 5 strong and obtuse hirsute-villous ribs, truncate at summit, the terminal areola 

 large. Pappus of numerous barbellate white bristles in a single series, shorter than 

 the disk-corolla, united at base in a ring (and some of them higher up), and decidu- 

 ous together. — A low diffuse white-woolly annual, with alternate 3-lobed leaves, 

 and whoUy the aspect of Actmohpis, to which it is clearly related. — Gray in Pacif. 

 E. Eep. iv. 106, t. 15. 



