Nemacladm. CAMPANULACE^. 445 



3. NEMACLADUS, Xutt. 



Calyx-tul)e short, obconical, adiuite to the k;wer half of tlie ovary; its limb parted 

 into 5 unequal lobes. Corolla short, 5-parted, or the two petals forming the lower 

 lip often distinct to the base, and longer than the three which form tlie 3-parted or 

 3-lobed upper lip. Filaments monadelphous above the middle : anthers distinct, 

 surrounding the stigma, oval, glabrous. Style slender, its apex incurved, a little 

 shorter than the anthers : stigma capitate, 2-lobed, subtended by an obsolete naked 

 ring. Ovary 2-celled : ovules 10-18 in each cell. Capsule about two thirds su- 

 perior, ovoid, loculicidal from the top. Seeds oval.— Nutt. in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 

 n. ser. viii. 254; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 108, t. 35; Gray in Jour. Linn. Soc. 

 xiv. 28, where the relationship to Cyphia (of 8. Africa) is indicated. — A single 

 species. 



1. N. ramosissimus, Nutt. 1. c. Slender annual, about a span high, "lactes- 

 cent" " widely and at length excessively branching: branches filiform, zi^^zag: radical 

 leaves oval and toothed, tufted ; cauline ones aU minute, linear or subulate, sub- 

 tending the branchlets and the racemose capillary naked peduncles : flowers minute 

 (a line^'or two long) : corolla flesh-color, the two longer divisions spatulate-oblong, 

 the three others rather broader : seeds oval. 



Sandy or gravelly open places ; common through the Sierra Nevada and its foot-hills ; thence 

 east to New Mexico. 



Order LIII. CAMPANULACEiB. 



Herbs, with milky juice, alternate leaves without stipules, and regular flowei-s, 

 having the calyx adnate to the ovary, distinct stamens (5 or rarely 4) insertedi with 

 but hardly upon the corolla, alternate with its lobes, these valvate in the bud ; the 

 fruit a many-seeded 2 - 5-ceUed capsule. — Calyx persistent. Stamens earlier than 

 the stigmas ; the 2-celled introrse anthers opening in the bad before the corolla ex- 

 pands.^ Style single, its upper portion beset with collecting hairs upon which tlie 

 l.onen is largely deposited ; its summit 2-5-lobed or cleft; the stigmas being the 

 papillose inner face of these lobes, which connive until some time after the corolla 

 expands. Ovary 2 - 5-celled (rarely imperfectly so), with the placenttB in the axis. 

 Ovules numerous, anatropous. Capsule usually opening by valves or holes at or 

 near the top. Seeds small, with a straight embryo in fleshy albumen. — Flowers 

 commonly showy, more frequently the corolla blue, and withering without dropping 

 off: inflorescence for the most part centrifugal, the terminal flowers opening first. 



There are a few foreign genera with baccate fruit, and one with connate ^"t'je'-^- / ^'^J^^'.^ 

 small family, mainly of tem^^erate regions, sparing y represented m Nor h ^^^/^'^J^J. ''^V b t 

 genous plant; almost absent from South Amferica (the LoheUacea: being here .^^fP^ ^^P'^^'^^^^ ''"* 

 aboundino- in the Old World, which furnishes numerous ornamental species to the guldens. 

 Otherwise the order is without economical importance or known active qualities. 



* Ovary and capsule long and narrow, or at least oblong. 

 1 Githopsis. r-apsulc opening at the top by a hole left ],y the falling away of the base of the 



2. ^gecuJa^;^ "calStelSS ^^t^s by 2 or 3 little valves which leave small round 

 perforations. 



* * Ovary and capsule short and broad or globular. 



3. Heterocodon. Thin walls of the capsule bursting indefinitely between the ribs. Calyx- 

 4.'S^iir'-Capsule opening on the sides by 3 to 5 small valves leaving deiinite round 



perforations. Calyx-lobes narrow. 



