684 OROBANCHACE^. Aphyllon. 



1. APHYLLON, Mitchell. Cancer-root. 

 Calyx 5-cleft or 5-parted, regular or nearly so. Corolla more or less tubular and 

 curved, either almost regular or bilabiate. Stamens included : cells of the anther 

 deeply separated from below upward, mucronate at base. Style long : stigma disk- 

 shaped and peltate, or more or less bilamellar ; the lobes anterior and posterior. A 

 double placenta or a pair of contiguous placentae on the middle of each valve of the 

 capsule. Low and commonly viscid-pubescent or glandular, pale or brownish in 

 hue, some with slender naked scapes or peduncles, others with spicate flowers : 

 corolla purplish or yellowish. — Gray, Man. Bot. ed. 1, 290, ed. 5, 323; Benth. & 

 Hook. Gen. PI. ii. 983. Anopkmthus § Euanox>lon, Endl., Eeuter in DC. Prodr. 

 xi. 41, with species of PheUpcea. 



A North Ameriean genus, to which must be added two or three si)ecies which had been referred 

 to Phclii>(za as that genus had been understood. The original Pliclipcm, on the other hand, is 

 more like the original Apliyllon in habit. 



§ 1. Scapes or peduncles nahed, long and slender, from a loosely scaly rootstoch or shoH 

 ascending stem, and no bractlets at the base of the b-lohed calyx : corolla with 

 an almost regular and equally spreading b-lobed border. — True Aphyllon. 



1. A. uniflorum, Gray, 1. c. Scapes few and barely a span high from a nearly 

 subterranean short rootstock : lobes of the calyx longer than its tube, subulate : 

 corolla (about an inch long) bluish-purple or purplish. — Pacif. Pi. Pep. iv. 118. 

 O'robanche uniftora, Linn. 



Tarasitic on roots of various plants, not rare in California, and nortli to British Columbia, east 

 to the Atlantic. Flowers vernal, with the odor of violets. 



2. A. fasciculatum, Gray, 1. c. More pubescent and glandular : scaly stem ris- 

 ing out of ground 2 or 3 inches, bearing numerous fascicled peduncles of about the 

 same leiigth : lobes of the calyx not longer than its tube, broader and shorter than 

 in the preceding: corolla purplish or sometimes sulphur-yellow. — Orobanche fas- 

 ciculata, K"utt. ; Hook. PL ii. 93, t. 170. 



Sandy ground : commoner than the other, extending eastward to the Jlississippi and the upper 

 Great Lakes. 



§ 2. Stems rising above the ground: flowers racemose, panicled, or spicate, mostly uith 

 one or two bractlets close to or rarely beloiv the calyx : corolla j^laivly bila- 

 biate ; iipper lip 2-lobed or notched ; lower 3-parted. — Xothaphyllon, Gray. 



% Flowers racemose, distinctly pjedicelled, pretty large [an inch or more long) : the lobes 

 of the corolla more or less spreading : calyx b-jmrted into long and slender lobes. 



3. A. COmosum, Gray. Low, branching at or near the surface of the gTound : 

 flowers on slender and mostly naked pedicels in a corymb or short raceme : bractlets 

 at the calyx often wanting, when present very slender: corolla rose-colored or purple, 

 with oblong spreading lobes. — Orobanche comosa, Hook. 1. c. t. 169. 



Dry hills ; j)arasitic on Artemisia and other plants ; on the Coast Range back of ilouterey 

 (Brcivcr) to Washington Territory. Pedicels sometimes nearly an inch long. Calyx half the length 

 of the corolla, whieli is not rarely 1^ inches long and broad at the throat. Anthers woolly. 



4. A. Calif ornicum, Gray. Stem stout, a span or more high, simple or branch- 

 ing : flowers crowded in an at length elongated and dense spike-like raceme : pedi- 

 cels shorter than the calyx, which is commonly 2-bracteolate and its slender divisions 

 almost as long as the yellowish or purplish corolla, the lobes of which are rather 

 shorter and less spreading than in the preceding. — Orobanche Californica, Cham. & 

 Schlecht. PheUpcea Californica, Don ; Peuter in DC. Prodr. xi. 11. P. erianthera, 

 "Watson, Bot. King Exp. '2'2b, not of Engelm. 



Dry hills, from near the coast to Nevada. Anthers naked or slightly hairy. 



