LILIACE^E. 



145 



++ Bulb scaly: stem simple, strict, leafy and leafy-bracteate: anthers versatile: seeds flat, horizontal. 



18. Lilium. Segments oblanceolate, with a linear nectarilerous groove, usually spotted. Style 



uiulivided. Bulb-scales lanceolate. 



19. Fritillaria. Segments broader, concave, often mottled ; nectary a shallow pit. Styles 



united or distinct to the middle. Bulb-scales short, very thick. 



++ ++ Stem low, lax, 2-leaved, from an oblong corm : anthers basifixed : seeds turgid. 



20. Erythronium. Segments oblanceolate, callous-toothed each side of the grooved nectary. 



■i- -t- Outer perianth-segments smaller, somewhat sepal-like ; the inner broad and usually bearded : 



stigmas sessile. 



21. Calochortus. Stem usually lax or flexuous, from a coated conn. Anthers basilixed. Cap- 



sule usually septicidal. 



Lloydia serotina, Reichenb., a widely distributed arctic and alpine plant, not yet discovered 

 in California, has slender tunicated rhizomatous bulbs, grass-like leaves, low slender sparingly 

 leafy stems, and a small solitary flower with spreading persistent 3-nerved segments (wnite, veined 

 with purple), minute basifixed anthers, an entire persistent style, and an obovate capsule with 

 flat seeds. It has been found in the Clover Mountains, Nevada, and in Colorado. 



* * Flowers terminal or apparently axillary, solitary or subunibellate, without bracts, the leafy 

 branching stems (scape-like peduncle in Clintonia) from a rootstock ; segments oblanceolate, 

 with a nectariferous groove. Fruit a berry. Leaves broad. 



22. Streptopus. Flowers apparently axillary, mostly solitary on a geniculate pedicel. Fila- 



ments broad, very short. Anthers apiculate. Seeds striate. Leaves with transverse 

 veiiilets. 



23. Prosartes. Flowers terminal, solitary or fascicled. Filaments slender. Anthers obtuse. 



Seeds smooth. Leaves net-veined. 



24. Clintonia. Flowers solitary or umbellate. Filaments slender, pubescent. Ovary 2-celled. 



Seed smooth, crustaceou.s. Leaves few, ciliate, with transverse veinlets. 



* » * Flowers terminal, solitary or in a sessile umbel, subtended by two or three broad leaves 

 upon an otherwise naked stem from a stout rootstock. Perianth-segments unlike. Stigmas 

 sessile, persistent. 



25. Scoliopus. Flowers umbellate, upon a very short stem ; outer segments lanceolate, the 



inner linear, deciduous. Stamens 3. Capsule 1-celled, with 3 parietal placentae. 

 I. eaves a pair. 



26. Trillium. Flowers solitary; segments persistent, the outer foliaceous. Anthers introrse. 



Fruit fleshy. Leaves 3, in a whorl. 



III. Flowers in a simple raceme or panicle, with distinct persistent several-nerved segments, 

 subhypogynous stamens with small anthers, and distinct persistent styles or stigmas. Bracts 

 greenish or sometimes scarious. Leaves with transverse veinlets. Pedicels not jointed. Cap- 

 sule deeply 3-lobed. 



* Flowers usually polygamous. Anthers 1-celled, peltate on opening. Stems leafy. Leaves not 



rigid nor equitant. 



27. Veratrum. Stem tall and stout, from a thick rootstock. Inflorescence paniculate, pubes- 



cent. Leaves broad, strongly nerved and plicate. 



28. Zygadenus. Stem from a coated bulb. Inflorescence a raceme or subpaniculate, glabrous ; 



flowers erect, the segments glandular at base. Leaves linear. 



Stexanthium is distinguished from Zyrjademis by its nodding flowers and narrow acuminate 

 glandless perianth-segments. S. occidentale. Gray, with a loose usually simple raceme of yel- 

 lowish-purple flowers (6 to 9 lines long), is found in northern Oregon and in Washington Ter- 

 ritory, on streambanks in the mountains. 



* * Flowers perfect on bracteolate pedicels in a simple raceme on an equitant-leafy stem from a 



creeping rootstock. Anthers 2-celled, introrse Seeds numerous. 



29. Tofieldia. Flowers involucrate with 3 scarious united bractlets. Filaments naked. Styles 



short. Capsule ovate, 3-beaked. Seeds horizontal, not caudate. 



30. Narthecium. Biactlet linear. Filaments woolly. Style none. Capsule oblong, attenuate 



upward. Seeds ascending, caudate at each end. 



* * * Flowers perfect on naked pedicels in a simple dense raceme upon a ver}^ leafy stem from 



a thick rootstock. Styles reflexed. Leaves very narrow, rigid and rough-edged. 



31. Xerophyllum. Flowers white, on long pedicels ; segments 5 - 7-uerved, Seeds few, not 



appendaged. 



