Juncus. JUNCACE^. 203 



Var. macrantha. Perianth 2 or 3 lines long, much exceeding the broad obtuse 

 capsule : anthers liuear, equalling or twice longer than the tilauient : seed larger, 

 the appendage always short. 



Var. subsessilis. Spikes solitary or few, nearly sessile, loose : perianth-seg- 

 ments lax and scarious : otherwise as the last variety. 



Var. congesta. Spikes several, sessile and close, forming a somewhat pyramidal 

 head: perianth brown, \\ lines long. — L. campestris, var. congesta, Meyer, as to 

 American localities. 



In the Coast Ranges and in the Sierra Nevada from Monte Diablo and the Yoseniite northward 

 to Oregon and Alaska ; also in the Rocky Mountains. Very variable ; the last variety near the 

 coast. 



4. L. campestris, DC. Very similar to the typical form of the last species, 

 but usually Ihss villous; bracts short; spikes dense, short and ovate; perianth- 

 segments 1 to 11 lines long, often dark brown. — Meyer, 1. c. 407 ; Reichenb. 1. c, 

 t. 375. 



A very widely distributed species and verv common in the Atlantic States, but a[)parently raie 

 westward. It occurs hi Oregon {Hall) and Alaska, and has been collected in Plumas County by 

 Mrs. li. M. Austin. 



L. SPiCATA, Desv. (Reichenb. 1. c, t. 379), with carinate and folded leaves, usually a solitary 

 and compound dense nodding spike, short perianth and usually dark brown acute capsule a line 

 long, and seeds not appendaged, is an alpine and arctic species which may also be found in the 

 high Sierra Nevada; Washington Territory {Lyall), E. Humboldt Mountains {Watson), and 

 eastward. 



2. JUNCUS, Linn. Bog-Rush. 

 Stamens 6, or sometimes 3 by suppression of the inner ones. Capsule globose to 

 pyramidal, many-seeded, 3-valved, 3-celled with central placentie or 1-celled with 

 parietal placenta?. — Perennial or sometimes annual, in water or moist places, gla- 

 brous, with simple terete often pithy stems, leafy or leafless; leaves terete, channelled, 

 or flat, sometimes equitant, in some species knotted ; flowers solitary or clustered, in 

 cymes, panicles, or heads. — Engelni. in Trans. St. Louis Acad. ii. 424. 



A c^enus of about 130 species, many of them widely distributed and a few almost cosmopolitan. 

 Over°50 species are North American. They are frequently abundant, fornung bogs in marshy 

 places, but are of little use and furnish poor and innutritions fodder. 



* Perennials, with naked terete stems : leaves terete or none : panicle lateral, sessile. 

 Flowers clustered : inner sheaths leaf-bearing : stem and leaves stout 

 and pungent. 

 Inner perianth-segments obovate, emarginate, a line long : capsule 



subglobose, obtuse. 1- J- kobustus. 



Segments lanceolate, acute, 3 lines long : capsule ovate, obtuse. _ 2. J. Cooperi. 



Flowers solitary : sheaths leafless (except in n. 5 and n. 10): less rigid 

 and mostly more slender. 

 Flowers large, in compound panicles : capsule oblong-ovate. 



Often stout : panicle lax and spreading : flowers 3 lines long : cap- 

 sule acute, not beaked. 3. J. Leseurii. 

 Flowers smaller : capsule angled, mucronate or beaked. 4. J. Balticus. 

 Low and very slender : panicle loose, few-flowered : sheaths fre- 

 quently leaf- bearing. 5. J. comvressus. 

 Stem stouter, somewhat flattened : panicle small and dense. 6. J. Brkweri. 

 Flowers smaller, in compound panicles : capsule obovate or subglo- 



Perianth a line long : stamens 3 : capsule clavate-obovate, obtuse 



or retuse. 

 Perianth longer, more spreading : stamens 6 : capsule subglobose, 



obtuse, apiculate. 

 Flowers few (1 to 3): low and alpine : capsule oblong. 



Inner sheaths bristle-tipped : capsule retuse. 9. J. Dritmmoxdii. 



Inner sheaths leaf-bearing : capsule acute. 10. J. Parkyi. 



J. EFFUsrs 



J. PATEN'S. 



