Knopkorum. CYPERACE.E. 219 



unecual, one much the longer and more erect : spikelets ovate to ohlong-ovate, acute 

 5 to 10 lines long: scales ovate, 2 or 3 lines long, dull brown, emargmate, tipped 

 with a long slender soon recurved awn : bristles 1 to 6, unequal, deciduous or some- 

 I ues none : tilaments elongated ; anthers 2 lines long : style mostly 3-cleft : nutlet 



oadly obovate, plano-convex or slightly angled on the back, obtuse and only 

 sliSily apLlat'e/lJ lines long. - Eeichenb. 1. c, t. 310, 311; Benth. 11. Austr. 

 vi''335. *S^. robustus, Presl, 1. c. 194. 



In .nline localities throughout the State and northward to British Columbia as well as east- 

 ward ™ the conthieiil The species is found under several foru.s in most ot the temperate and 

 tropical regions of the globe. 



^ ^ Spikelets small, numerous, greenish or lead-colored, in a compound or de- 

 compound umbellate panicle. 

 9 S SVlvatiCUS, Linn. Stem stout, 2 to 5 feet high, obtusely triangular leafy 

 to tiie tup leaves broad (usually half an inch wide), elongated ; involucre of simi- 

 lu- bracts • panicle decompound, large and open, the spikelets in clusters terminatmg 

 the branches and in the axils, ^ to 2 lines long, oblong-ovate : scales ovate-lanceo- 

 late obtuse or sometimes acute : bristles barbed to the base, about equalling the 

 small (1 line long) pale nutlet, which is obovate, plano-convex, slightly angled on 

 thP Tvick abruDtlv short-beaked: styles 3-cleft. —Eeichenb. 1. c, t. 313. 



Var dieynus, Boeck. Style bitid and the nutlet not at all angled on the back : 

 stamens 2 and bristles 4. — Linnsea, xxxvi. 727. S. microcarpus, Presl, 1. c. IJo ; 

 Gray, Manual, 5G4. S. lenlicularis, Torr. Cyp. 328. 



Only the variety has been collected in California, where it is rather frequent ranging f>;om San 

 Die "o Count7(Cuiniaca Mountains, Pcd.ricr) to British Columbia, and across the continent north- 

 ward. The typical European form is collected rarely m New England. 



10 S atrovirens Muhl. Very similar to the last : panicle more contracted, 

 the smaller spikelets (U lines long) crowded in denser and larger clusters : scales 

 narrower and narrowly acuminate : bristles scarcely barbed below the mukUe : style 

 3-cleft : nutlet oblong-obovate, more acuminate, slightly angled on the back. — .b. 

 si/lvaticus, var, atrovirens, Boeck. 1. c. 



Plumas County {Mrs, Austin); Oregon {HowelT); Colorado, and eastward from the Saskatche- 

 wan and Indian Territory to New England. 



§ 3. Bristles elongated, the barbs directed upward: stem leaf]), bearing a sessile 

 head of spikelets subtended by a few involucral scales. 



11 S criniger, Gray. Stems slender, 3 inches to 2 feet high or more, from 

 densely matted rootstocks, triangular and striate, rough above : leaves flat, rough on 

 the margins the radical one elongated but shorter than the stem, the cauline only 

 an inch°or two long, distant, the uppermost usually very near the^top : im;olucral 

 bracts broad and scale-like, acuminate, 2 to 4 lines long : spikelets o to 9, oblong, 3 

 or 4 lines lon^r ; scales thin and soft, brownish, oblong : tilaments very slender, 

 much exserted and exceeding the six bristles : style 3-cleft : nutlet oblong, triangu- 

 lar acute and shortly beaked, a line long. — Proc. Amer. Acad. vu. 3J2. 



In the Sierra Nevada ; Wood's Peak, above Amador Pass near snow {Jh-cwer) ; I'l'ff Cminty 

 nr^s. Austin) ; Modoc County (Jfm S. A. Plummer) -^\^mth. Red Moiuitains ot Mendocino 

 County, Bolander. The bristles are not naked and silky as is the case in § Tnchophorum. 



3. ERIOPHORUM, Linn. Cotton-Grass. 

 Bristles usually very numerous, naked, silky, becoming greatly elongated. Other- 

 wise as Scirpus. — Spikelets single or clustered or umbellate, usually involucrate 

 with erect scale-like bracts, upon a leafy or naked stem ; scales membranaceous, 

 1 - 3-nerved. Style very slender and elongated, 3-cleft. Nutlet acutely triangular. 

 Perennials with creeping rootstocks. 



