230 CYPEHACE.E. Carex. 



§ 2. Sjjlkes composed of sessile androgynous spikelets, rarely dioecious : stigmas 2. 



* Spikes dioscions, or the spikelets androgynous with the male and female flowers 

 irregularly situated. 



5. C. bromoides, Schk. Stems densely tufted, 1 to 2| feet high, very slender, 

 often decumbent, sharply angled, scabrous : leaves flat, grass-like, 1 to 1| lines broad, 

 shorter than the stems : bracts scale-like, the lowest clasping, setaceous, sometimes 

 longer than their spikelets : spikes pale, ])ecoming ferruginous, linear or narrowly 

 oblong, an inch or two long, of from 4 to 8 ellipsoidal loosely-flowered spikelets, con- 

 tiguous or the lowest somewhat remote, male or female or androgynous (male at top 

 or at bottom), 3 to 7 lines long by 2 lines thick, the terminal one the largest ; 

 scales membranous, hyaline, white with green midnerves, becoming ferruginous, 

 ovate-lanceolate, acute or cuspidate : perigynium membranous, linear-lanceolate, at- 

 tenuate to a long obliquely cut entire or bidentate beak, spongy at base, plano-con- 

 vex, scabrous on the sharp margins, nerved, with a long fissure on the outer side, 

 longer than and as broad as the scale : nutlet closely invested by the perigynium, 

 oblong-ovate, obtuse, narrowed at base, lenticular, chestnut-colored, shining : style 

 enlarged at base, deciduous. — Car. fig. 176 ; Boott, 1. c. ii. 82, t. 227. 



In the Calaveras Grove {Bolandcr, n. 2315) ; in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, and east- 

 ward from British America to Florida. 



6. C. Siccata, Dewey. Eootstock creeping extensively, clothed with short lance- 

 olate scales and bearing slender sharply angled stems | to 2 inches apart and i to 2 

 feet high : leaves rather rigid, ^ to 2 lines broad : bracts scale-like, the lowest 

 roughly cuspidate, mostly shorter than the spikelets : spikes oblong, f to 2 inches 

 long by 2 to 4 lines thick, ferruginous, of from 4 to 1 2 ovoid alternate simple spike- 

 lets 2 to 8 lines long by 1 to 4 thick, crowded or the lower subremote, the ter- 

 minal female or female at base and the intermediate ones male, or the male and female 

 flowers variously mingled; scales membranous, ovate-lanceolate, acute, ferruginous, 

 with broad hyaline margins : perigynium membranous, oval or ovate, acuminate to a 

 long sharply bidentate beak, fissured on the outer side, unequally serrate on the 

 winged margins, plano-convex, nerved, about equalling the scale : nutlet oblong, 

 plano-convex, dark chestnut, shining. — Am. Journ. Sci. x. 278; Boott, h c, i. 19, 

 t. 52, 146. G. pallida, Meyer, Cyp. Nov. 215, t. 8. 



In dry soil, in the Sacramento Y&Wey (Ilartnrg, n. 2023) and near Mark West Creek {Bic/rlotv), 

 and in the Sierra Nevada northward to the Columbia River, in the Rocky Mountains from British 

 America to Colorado, and in the northern Atlantic States ; also in northeastei'n Asia. 



7. C. disticha, Hudson. Eootstock creeping, clothed with lanceolate brown 

 scales : stems 1 to 3| feet high, scabrous above on the sharp angles : leaves a line or 

 two broad, mostly shorter than the stem : bracts cuspidate from a lanceolate base, 

 the lower prolonged beyond their spikelets, the lowest sometimes equalling the stem : 

 spike ferruginous, 1 to 3 inches long by 3 to 8 lines thick, oblong, lanceolate or 

 linear, obtuse, of numerous ellipsoidal or ovoid or subspherical spikelets, contiguous 

 or the lower distinct ; arrangement of the flowers very variable, the upper and mid- 

 dle spikelets being frequently almost wholly staminate and the lower principally 

 or entirely female, or rarely all entirely female or male at top ; scales ferruginous 

 with hyaline margins, membranous, ovate, acute : perigynium ovate or oval, grad- 

 ually tapering to a rather short obliquely cut entire (at length bidenticulate) beak, 

 long-fissured on the outer side, stipitate, plano-convex, nerved, punctate, serrate above 

 on the sharp or narrowly winged margins, about equalling the scale : nutlet loosely 

 invested by the perigynium, ovate or orbicular, lenticular, chestnut-colored, shining. 

 — Boott, 111. iii. 125, t. 410. C. intermedia, Good.; lieichenb. 1. c, t. 210. 

 C. Sartwellii, Dewey, Am. Journ. Sci. xliii. 90. 



Collected by Bolander, but locality uncertain, and near Carson City (Sfrr/cli, Wa(sov) ; from 

 the Saskatchewan to the northern Atlantic States, and in the Rocky Mountains southward to 

 Colorado and Utah ; also tlirough Europe and northern Asia. 



