Gymnostkhuvi. GRAMINE^E. 32 



in pairs, 3 - several-flowered : glumes liiicar-lanccolate, 3-5-nerved, pointed or sliort- 

 awiied : lower palet 5-nerved and rough above, with an awn about once and a hall' 

 its ow]i length. — £. glaucm, Euckl. in Proc. Phil. Acad. 1862, 1)9. 



San Francisco, Ukiah, and elsewhere {Bolandcr) ; Oref(on (lIiiccU, Hall and others) ; eastwnrd 

 to Lake Superior. Presents a great variety in size of foliage and spike ; the spike generally more 

 or less cin-ved and soft to the touch, sometimes strict and rough. 



4. E. Canadensis, Linn. Culms stout, 3 to 4 feet high, and with Hat ratlicr 

 rough sometimes glaucous leaves : spike G to 9 inches long, nodding above, ratlier 

 loose ; spikelets mostly in pairs, 3 - 5-flo\vered : glumes subulate, about a line wide 

 at base, 3- or unequally 4-nerved, tapering into an awn somewhat shorter than itself: 

 lower palet rough-hairy, with a longer awn, which is usually spreading. 



Oregon (Pickerincj, Hoivell), eastward to New England ; also New Mexico and Texas. A 

 showy species, especially its glaucous form, var. glauci/olius, which is cultivated for ornament. 



* * * Glumes very long, usually 2-parted to the base, the divisions unequally 2- 

 cleft and long-aivned : lower imlet long-aivned and 2-toothed, or 3-auui.cd. — 

 SiTANiON. (^itaniou, Eaf.) 



5. E. Sitanion, Schult. Culms densely tufted, from 4 inches to 2 feet high : 

 leaves and sheaths varying from smooth and glaucous to roughly hirsute ; leaves 

 mostly flat, setaceously pungent at apex, the upper one an inch or two long, its 

 sheath loose or often inflated and including the base of the sjjike, which is 1 to G 

 inches long and soon breaking into joints ; spikelets mostly in pairs, 1 -5-flow(!red : 

 glumes sometimes entire, mostly 2-parted to the base, the divisions unequally 2-cIeft 

 and terminating in awns 1 to 3 inches long : lower palet 3 lines long, scabrous and 

 5-nerved above, its central awn equalling those of the glumes, its lateral nerves often 

 excurrent as short awns or mere teeth. — lioem. & Schult. Mant. ii. 42G ; AVatson, 

 Bot. King Exp. 391 ; Thurber in Bot. Wilkes Exped. 495. Sitanion e(yinoides, Eaf. ; 

 Torr. Pacif. Pt. Ptep. iv. 157. jEgilops Ilystrix, Nutt. Gen. i. 8G. Folyantherix 

 Hi/strix, Nees ; Hook, (fe Arn. Bot. Beechey, 404. 



Common from Oregon to San Diego, eastward to Northern Minnesota, and southward to Texas 

 and Mexico. The spikes are usually pale green and shining, hut sometimes they are reddish ; 

 indeed each locality seems to present a form differing in stature and smoothness, in the size and 

 color of the spikes, or in the structure of the spikelets. When the glumes are much sub- 

 divided and the divisions are straight, stiff and spreading, or when they are capillary and 

 confusingly intertwisted, the plant 'ai)pears very unlike an E/i/miis. On the other hand, the 

 forms in which the glumes are entire present nothing to distinguisii them from the genus to which 

 Mr. Watson properly restored it. In a specimen collected in ( 'aiiloiiiia by Mr. Fitch the glumes 

 are in part subdivided yet again and the elongated and interrupted spike gives it a very ditlerent 

 appearance from any others. In the plant from the Rocky Mountains and eastward the tendency 

 is to have more simple and even entire glumes. Several years ago a very full set of the forms was 

 sent to the late General Munro, concerning which that eminent agrostologist wrote :^ " A valuable 

 series, showing how many species, and even genera, might be made out of this one." 



62. GYMNOSTICHTJM, Schreb. Bottle-Brush Grass. 

 Inflorescence in a usually very loose spike, the spikelets 2 or 3 or solitary at each 

 joint of the rhachis, spreading horizontally or somewhat appressed. Spikelets 

 1 - 4-flowered on a very short callus-like pedicel (when solitary placed flatwise on 

 the rhachis). Glumes none, or represented by awn-like rudiments which are decidu- 

 ous. Lower palet awned at the tip, otherwise as in Elymus. 



A genus separated from Ehpnus on account of wanting the glumes. There is one species in the 

 older States, one in New Zealand, and California adds a third. 



1. Gr. Californicum, Bolander. Culm stout, 4 to G feet higli, with ample sca- 

 brous leaves, h to 1 inch wide; slieaths, at least the lower, witli sliort still" spreading 

 hairs: spike 6 to 10 inches long, flexuous, iut('rrui)ted below, dense above; spike- 

 lets mostly in pairs at the joints, 1 - 3-flowcred, on very brief callus-like pedicels, 



