JFuoihoardia. FILICES. 



343 



linear reflexeJ involucres : principal vein of eacli pinnule closely parallel to its lower 

 luargiu, the veinlets forking. — Eaton, Ferns of N. Amer. i. 135, t. 18 ; Williamson, 

 Fern Etchings, t. 11. Adlantum A7nericanum, Cornutus, Canad. PI. Hist. 7, t. G. 



Common among the Coast Ranges, also on Mount San Bernardino ( IV. G. Wri(j]il), and in the 

 Yoseinite, Lcmmon. Tlie range includes nearly all the United States, British Anieiica and north- 

 eastern Asia to the Himalayas. Pacific Coast s[)ecimens have the jiiiniules more deeply lobed 

 than those from the P^astern States. A few South American and Australasian s[)ecies have the 

 fronds similarly divided, and from them, as well as from young plants of this species, it is evident 

 that one of the two middle divisions is really tlie ])roper continuation of the central axis. Cor- 

 mitus's name, though nmch the oldest, is ante-Linn;jeau, and therefore has never been adopted. 



9. LOMARIA, Willdenow. 

 Sporangia in a continuous band, seated on a special receptacle each side of the 

 midrib of the fertile piunre, and covered till mature by an elongated involucre either 

 formed of the recurved and altered margin or (in our species and some others) sepa- 

 rate and closely parallel to the margin. Fronds dimorphous, usually pinuatifid or 

 once pinnate ; the sterile with broader foliaceous pinnae and usually free veins ; the 

 fertile with very narrow pinnte, and the v(iins often forming a single series of areoles 

 each side of the midrib. 



A genus of about forty-five species, the greater part tropical or recurring in the south temperate 

 zone, some of them with large and showy evergreen fronds. It is closely connected with Blech- 

 imm, which has the fertile fronds but slightly contracted, and the involucre remote from the 

 margin. 



1. L, Spicant, Desvaux. (Deer-Fern.) Rootstock short and tliick, very 

 clialfy : frontls tufted, erect, smooth ; sterile ones nearly sessile or on short stalks, 

 sul^coriaceous, narrowly linear-lanceolate, 6 to 30 inches long, 1 to 3 inches wide, 

 tapci-ing from above the middle to bt)th ends, pinnatifid to the rhachis into very- 

 numerous closely placed oblong or oblong-linear often upwardly folcate obtuse or 

 apiculate segments, the lower ones diminished to minute auricles ; fertile fronds 

 taller and more erect than the sterile, long-stalked, pinnate ; pinnae less crowded, 

 longer and much narrower than tlie sterile segments, sessile by a suddenly dilated 

 base ; involucres just within the margin : mature sporangia nearly covering the back 

 of the pinna?. — Berlin Mag. v. (1811) 325; Brackenridge, Ferns of IJ. S. Expl. 

 Exped. 123; Eaton, Ferns of N. Amer. i. 249, t. 32, fig. 3-5. Blechnum horeale, 

 Swartz ; Hooker, Brit. Ferns, t. 40. 



On the ground in dense forests, sometimes in open places, from Santa Cruz Countj' (Anderson) 

 to Oregon and northward ; also in Europe, the Caucasus, Kanitschatka and Japan. Some of the 

 Pacific Coast specimens are exactly like the European, but plants gi'owing in rich and shaded 

 localities are very large and tall, forming var. elongnta of Hooker's Species Filicum. Blechnum 

 doodioides, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. 263, and Sp. Fil. iii. 60, t. 153, is founded on a couple of 

 fronds from British Columbia, in which the lower half is sterile and the upper half fertile, with 

 the fruit broken into short sori, and the outer margin of the pinnules wider than usual. 



10. WOODWARDIA, Smith. Chain-Feux. 



Sori oblong or linear, interrupted, occupying paracostal areoles and forming a 



chain-like row each side of the midribs and midveins. Indusium convex, fixed by 



its outer margin to the fertile veinlet, free and opening on the inner side. Fronds 



various ; the veins forming oblong areoles next the midribs, and outside of these 



either anastomosing or free. 



Besides the following species there are two in the Eastern States, and two or three more in 

 eastern Asia. 



1. "VT. radicans, Smith. Rootstock stout, chaffy with abundant ferruginous- 

 brown scales : fronds long-stalked, standing in a circle, often 4 to 6 feet high, or 



