f)70 MUSCI. Barhula. 



7. B. Vahliana, Schultz. Eesembling the last : leaves more oHong, opaque 

 Avith a closer areolation above, the margins rarely reflexed, strongly crenulate, and 

 costa always exciirreut : capsule elongated, narrow ; annulus broad, compound. — 

 Eecens. Barb. 222, t. 34, fig. 31 ; Bruch & Schimp. 1. c, t. 157. 



In the Coast Ranges, at Cajon Pass {Bigcloiv) and on Monte Diablo, Bolandcr. Also in "Western 

 Europe, rather rare. 



++ -i-i- Inflorescence dioecious. 



8. B. marginata, Bruch & Schimp. With the habit of the preceding : leaves 

 oblong-lanceolate, i)btuse or obtusish, mucronate with the excurrent costa, concave, 

 the margin distijictly thickened : capsule oblong-cylindric, slightly curved, brown, 

 Avith a rather broad simple annulus: teeth once twisted. — Bryol. Eur. t. 158. 

 Tortula marginata, Wilson, Bryol. Brit. 131, t. 43. 



On rocks near San Francisco [Bigelow, Bolandcr) ; Atlantic States ; Europe and Northern Afiica. 



9. B. Bolanderi, Lesq. Stem short, simple or fasciculately branched : upper 

 leaves densely rosulate and reflexed, ligulate or oblong, obtuse or shortly apiculate 

 by the excurrent thick brown nerve, the areolation chlorophyllose above ; inner 

 perichpetial leaves short : capsule dark red, cylindric, on a short reddish pedicel, 

 with beaked operculum and short simple annulus : peristome reddish, twisted. — 

 Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. xiii. 5 ; Sulliv. & Lesq. 1. c, 2 ed. n. 139. 



On rocks near the bay of San Francisco (Bolander) ; Colorado, Hall. 



10. B. amplexa, Lesq. 1. c Closely resembling the last : leaves softer and 

 more loosely imbricated, longer, obtuse, and nerve not excurrent, the areolation 

 pellucid ; inner perichietial leaves elongated, erect, closely embracing the base of 

 the pedicel : capsule shorter and smaller, pale green, with shorter obtuse operculum. 

 — Sulliv. & Lesq. 1. c, n. 140. 



Near San Francisco, Bolandcr, Gibbons. 



11. B. brevipes, Lesq. Stem very short, simple: leaves croAvded, ligulate or 

 oblong, obtuse and tipped by the slender excurrent costa, concave and the margin 

 revolute, areolation above close and chlorophyllose : capsule long-cylindrical, slender 

 and somewhat curved ; operculum long-conic : peristome upon a long tubular mem- 

 brane, closely twisted, red. — Mem. Calif. Acad. i. 12. 



On mud walls at Mission Dolores, in mats an inch broad or more, and on Russian River divide 

 {Bolandcr) ; near Carson City, and on rocks in the Trinity Mountains, Nevada, Watson, n. 1391. 



§ 3. Rather taller perennials, with lanceolate leaves {costa not excurrent or 

 slightly so), and long peristome upon a very short hasalmemhrane : flowers 

 dioecious : perichcetium more or less sheathing. — Tortula. 



* Leaves often brownish, nearly straight ichen dry. Species mostly closely 



allied. 

 -1— Peristome several times twisted. 



12. B. fallax, Hedw. Cespitose, ^ to 1 inch high, broAvnish green: leaves 

 squarrose, recurved-spreading, twisted Avhen dry, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 

 acuminate, carinate, the margin rcA^olute and costa ceasing at the apex or slightly 

 excurrent ; areolation minute, uniform throughout : capsule narrowly ovate-oblong, 

 slightly curved, brown upon a red pedicel, Avithout annulus ; operculum purple, 

 subulate, as long as the capsule : peristome red, upon a very narrow base, very long, 

 twisted closely. — Muse. Frond, ii. 66, t. 24; Bruch t Schimp. 1. c, t. 147. 



At Cajon Pass and near San Francisco, Bigcloiv. Also througliout Europe, \^cry common, 

 growing on the ground. 



13. B. subfallax, :\Iuell. Much like the last : leaves green, loosely imbricated, 

 rather broadly ovate-lanceolate, Avith strongly revolute margins, the areolation at 

 base more rectangular and pellucid than above, and the broad stout costa excurrent 



