Fissidens. MUSCI. 373 



* * Leaves emarginate or rounded at the apex, the costa usually eoccurrent as a 

 hair: capsule oblo)i(j-cijlmdric. 



•)— Flowers monmcious. 



26. B. Icevipila, Bridel. Densely matted, tomentose at base : leaves spread- 

 ing or recurved, deep or glaucous green becoming brown, oblong or obovate-oblong, 

 rounded and emarginate above, the terminal white seta smooth or serrate : capsule 

 oblong-cylindrical, deep brown, with slender conical operculum, and peristome 

 tubular for one-third its length. — Bruch & Schimp. 1. c, t. 164; Sulliv. & Lesq. 

 1, c, 2 ed. n. 143. Tortula la^vipila, Schwaegr. Suppl. t. 120 ; "Wilson, 1. c, t. 43. 



On raih-oad levees at Sacramento and on Monte Diablo {Bolander) ; on the Pah-Ute Moun- 

 tains, Nevada ( Jfatson) ; Vancouver Island (Lyall) ; also all temperate and Southern Europe, 

 and Northern Africa. 



H— -I- Flo^vers dlmcious. 



27. B. latifolia, Bruch. In loose soft patches, i to 1 inch high, deep or lurid 

 green : leaves less crowded below, the upper rosulate and spreading, obovate-spatu- 

 late, obtuse and emarginate, the costa scarcely excurrent : capsule oblong-cylindrical, 

 on a rather short pedicel, brown, with narrow simple annulus, and peristome as m 

 the last. — Bruch & Schimp. 1. c, t. 164; Sulliv. & Lesq. 1. c, n. 144. Tortula 

 latifolia, Wilson, Bryol. Brit. t. 43. 



Borders of a creek near San Eafael (Bolander) ; Oregon, Eall. European. 



28. B. ruralis, Hedw. In broad loose yellowish mats, 1 to 3 inches high : 

 leaves squarrose-recurved, oblong, margins reflexed, the apex rounded or emarginate, 

 with a white long and flexuose rough spinulose seta : capsule oblong, subcylindrical, 

 reddish brown, long-pedicellate, with double annulus, and purple peristome tubular 

 a half or one-third its length. — Bruch & Schimp. 1. c, t. 166. Tortula ruralis, 

 Schwaegr. Suppl. t. 34 ; Berkeley, Brit. Moss. t. 22, fig. 4. 



Var. gigantea, Lesq. Stem elongated, the leaves squarrose-reflexed from^ the 

 base, with long forked papilLne ; costa spinulose-rugose on the back. — Mem. Calif. 

 Acad. i. 13; SuUiv. & Lesq. 1. c. n. 146. 



Very common on rocks and trunks of trees, from the plains to the mountains {Bigelow, Bolander, 

 Brewer) ; Oregon ; Nevada and Utah ; Texas ; and from Arctic America to the Eastern States, 

 and common throughout Europe. The variety on moist rocks in Yosemite Valley, Bolander. 



-(- -1— -1— Flowers bisexual. 



29. B. Muelleri, Bruch & Schimp. Stems in dense olive- or brownish-green 

 mats, 1 or 2 inches high, densely leafy, branched, radiculose to the top : leaves 

 erect-spreading, folded and appressed wdien dry, broadly oblong, obtuse, the red 

 costa excurrent as a long obsoletely spinulose hair, margins subrevolute below : cap- 

 sule cylindrical, long-pedicellate, firm, brown, with double annulus. — Bryol. Eur. 

 t. 168 ; Sulliv. & Lesq. 1. c, n. 100'^ (2 ed. n. 147). Tortula Muelleri, Wilson, 1. c, 

 t. 44. T.princeps, DeXot. Muse. Ital. i. 33, t. 13. 



Common, especially in the plains {Bigelmo, Bolander, Breicer) ; Carson City ( Watson) ; Van- 

 couver Island [Lyali); also in Chili, and through Western Europe. 



16. FISSIDENS, Hedw. 



Stems simple or sparingly branched. Leaves strictly 2-ranked, infolded boat- 

 shaped at base and produced above into an equitant vertical blade costate to the 

 apex; areolation minute, round-hexagonal, chlorophyllose. Inflorescence various, 

 bud-like, terminal or axillary. Calyptra cucullate or rarely mitriform. Capsule 

 rather long-pedicellate and usually nodding, oval or oblong, straight or slightly 

 incurved; operculum large, beaked; annulus narrow. Peristome simple, of 16 



