384 MUSCI. Orthotrichum. 



distinct, erect or slightly spreading when dry; cilia 8, linear-lanceolate, nearly 

 equalling the teeth. — Bruch & Schimp. Bryol. Eur. t. 217 ; Wilson, 1. c, t. 34. 



On rocks, Big Tree Grove and Yosemite Valley {Bolandcr) ; E. Humboldt Mountains, Nevada 

 ( Watsmi) ; Arctic America and mountains of Europe. 



8. O. Bolanderi, Sulliv. Stems densely leafy, nearly an inch high, sparingly 

 branched from tlie base, dark green, cespitose : leaves recurved-spreading when 

 moist, oblong-lanceolate, acutish, obscurely papillose, the areolation above of dense 

 bistromatic cells : monoecious ; male flowers axillary : calyptra hairy : capsule on a 

 very short pedicel, half emersed, oblong-oval, on a short collum : teeth long, in 

 pairs, 18-20-jointed, densely punctulate, yellowish; cilia 8, as long as the teeth. 

 — Icon. Muse. Suppl. 64, t. 46. 



On rocks, Bolandcr. 



9. O. speciosum, Nees. Stems tall (1 or 2 inches), loosely cespitose, green or 

 yellowish green : leaves more or less spreading, long-lanceolate, acuminate, carinate, 

 the margins revolute : male flowers axillary : calyptra ovate-campanulate, very 

 hairy : capsule emergent and exserted, cylindric-oblong upon a short collum, pale 

 yellow, smooth, at length obsoletely 8-plicate : teeth in pairs, yellowish, reflexed 

 when dry, densely papillose, equalling the 8 cilia. — Bruch & Schimp. 1. c, t. 217 ; 

 Wilson, 1. c, t. 34. 0. elegans, Schwaegr. 



On trees and rocks, Big Trees and elsewhere {Bolandcr) ; Fort Colville and British Columbia 

 (Lyall) ; St. Lawrence River, and European. Very variable. 



10. O. alpestre, Hornsch. More or less densely cespitose, and from deep 

 green to yellowish or brownish : leaves long-lanceolate, with revolute margins, 

 papillose and minutely crenulate above : male flowers terminal : calyptra nearly 

 naked, covering two-thirds of the capsule, straw-colored with brown apex : capsule 

 emergent, oval with short collum, pale yellow, striate, when dry urceolate and 

 broadly ribbed : teeth connate in pairs, reflexed when dry, equalling the 8 cilia. — 

 Bruch & Schimp. L c, t. 213; Sulliv. Icon. Muse. Suppl. 69, t. 51. 0. occidentale, 

 James, Bot. King Exp. 402. 



Monte Diablo {Gihhons) ; Wahsatch and Uinta Mountains ( IVatson) ; Rocky Mountains of 

 British America {Drummond) ; Central Europe. The specimens differ from the normal form in 

 their glaucous-green color, the broader thick leaves with elongated simple or forked papilhe, and 

 the longer entiie teeth minutely punctate. 



11. O. rivulare, Turner. Stems lax, tufted, elongated, often floating, branched 

 above, naked at base : leaves dark green or blackish, oblong-ovate to ligulate, obtuse, 

 spreading, smooth, with revolute margin : male flowers terminal : calyptra naked, 

 pale- or dark-green, blackish above, covering half of the capsule : capsule half 

 immersed, pyriform, yellow, obscurely 8-striate, urceolate and ribbed the wliole 

 length when dry : teeth orange, in pairs, at length somewhat separated, reflexed 

 when dry; cilia 8 longer and 8 shorter than the teeth. — Muse. Hib. 96, t. 8; 

 Bruch & Schimp. 1. c, t. 219 ; Wilson, 1. c, t. 21. 



On roots of trees, etc., in water, Anderson Valley, common, Bolandcr ; Europe. 



12. O. cylindrocarpum, Lescj. Stems simple or s])aringly branched, slender, 

 2 to 4 lines long, densely leafy, in loose dull green tufts blackish below : leaves 

 erect, appressed when dry, long-lanceolate, acutish or subobtuse, carinate, the stout 

 nerve ceasing below the apex, margins revolute, minutely papillose above : flowers 

 monoecious, the male rarely axillary : calyptra very hairy, nearly covering the 

 capsule : capsule exserted, cylindric or narrowly oval, pale green or yellowish, 

 obscurely 8-striate, very narrowly 8-ribbed when dry : teeth approximate in ])airs, 

 9 - lO-jointed, granulose, reflexed when dry, equaUing the 8 stout cilia. — Trans. 

 Amer. Phil. Soc. xiii. 6, and Mem. Calif. Acad. i. 17 ; Sulliv. 1. c. 70, t. 52 ; Sulliv. 

 & Lesq. 1. c. 2 ed. n. 178. 0. Coulterl, Mitten, Journ. Linn. Soc. viii. 25. 



On rocks and bark of oak-trees, Dardanelles Canon {Bolandcr) ; also by Coulter, 



