GLOSSARY. 



543 



Echinate. Beset with prickles. 



Ecostate. Without costa or iiiiJiierve. 



Eilcntate. ' Witliout teeth. 



Effuse. Very dilluse ; very loosely spreading. 



EijlaiuliUosc. Witliout glands. 



Elater. In Hepaticaj, a slender elongated cell 

 occurring among the spores, usually contain- 

 ing one or more spiral threads. 



Elliftsoidal. Nearly elliptical ; or of solids, 

 elliptical in outline. 



Elliptical. In the form of an ellipse, oblong 

 with both ends uniformly and somewhat 

 gradually rounded. • 



Eiiiiinjinatc. Notched at the extremity. 



El lib racing. Clasping at base. 



Eiiibri/o. The rudimentary plantlet formed 

 within the seed. 



Emergent, Einosed. liaised above the water ; 

 of the capsule in mosses when barely exserted 

 from its involucral leaves. 



Eiulocarp. The inner layer of the pericarp, 

 lying next to the seed. 



Eiulogeiiotis. Growing from within, instead 

 of by superficial increments, the growth ordi- 

 narily being general throughout the substance 

 of the stem. 



Eiidogens. Plants with an endogenous struc- 

 ture. 



Ensiform. Sword-shaped, as the leaf of an 

 Iris. 



Eiilirc. With the margin uninterrupted, with- 

 out teeth or division of any sort. 



Ephemeral. Lasting but a day or for a very 

 short time. 



Epi-. A Greek prefix signifying upon. 



Epidermis. The thin membrane forming the 

 outer surface of leaves and young stems. 



Epigijnous. At or upon the top of the ovary. 



Equal. Alike in size, or number, etc. ; more 

 frequently used in respect to length. 



Equitant. Astride, of conduplicate leaves which 

 fold over each other in two ranks, as in Iris. 



Erect. Upright ; perpendicular to the surface 

 of attachment. 



Etiolated. Blanched by darkness. 



Ea-. In Greek compounds, good, true, ))roper; 

 applied in sectional names to the more typical 

 division of a genus. 



Evergreen. Bearing its foliage through all the 

 seasons. 



Exalbuminous. Destitute of albumen. 



Exceed. To surpass in length. 



Excentric. Out of the centre ; one-sided. 



Excurrent. Running out, as a nerve projecting 

 beyond the apex or mai'gin of the leaf. 



Exocarp. The outer portion of a pericarp. 



Exogenous. Growing by successive external 

 layers, as in dicotyledonous j)Iants. 



Exogens. Plants having an exogenous structure. 



Explanafe. Opened out flat. 



Exscrt, Exserted. Projecting beyond an enve- 

 lope, as stamens standing out of the corolla. 



ExstipiUate. Without stipules. 



Exterior. Outer. 



Extra-axillary. Growing from outside of the 

 axil. 



Exlrorse. Directed outward. 



Falcate, or Falciform. Sickle-shapeil ; strongly 

 curved and more or less flat tented or folded. 



Farinaccoius. Mealy ; containing or yieliiing 

 Hour or starch. 



Farinose. Covered with a white mealy jwwder. 



Fascicle. A close bundle or (duster. 



Fascicled. Ananged in close elustei-s. 



Fastigiate. With branches erect, panillel ami 

 near together, as in the Lomljardy iMiplar. 



Faveolale, Favosc. Pitted or lioncy-combed. 



Feather -veil led. Pinnately veined. 



Ferruginous. Of the color of iron-rust. 



Fertile. Capable of producing fruit, a.s a pistil- 

 late flower ; ajiplied also to a pollen-bearing 

 stamen. 



Fertilization of plants. The ap|ilieation and 

 action of pollen upon the pistil and ovule, 

 effecting fructification. 



Fibrous. Composed of threads or fibres. 



Fiddle-shaped. Obovate with a contraction or 

 sinus on each side. 



Filament. That part of the stamen which sup- 

 ports the anther ; any thread-like body. 



Filanuntous. Composed of threads or filaments. 



Filiform. Thread-shaped ; long, slender and 

 terete. 



Fimbriate. Fiinged with narrow processes ; 

 having the margin finely dissected. 



Fis/iilar. Hollow and cylindrical. 



Flabellatc, FUibelUform. Fan-shaped ; dilated 

 and rounded above, from a cuneate base. 



Flagellate. Producing /«(/fWa', filiform runners 

 or runner-like branches. 



Flugclliform. Long and slender, like a whip- 

 lash. 



Flavesccnt. Pale yellow. 



Flcslig. Succulent, juicy. 



Flexuous, or Flexuose. Bent or curving alter- 

 nately in opposite directions. 



Floccose. Bearing or clothed with locks of fine 

 hair or wool. 



Floral. Belonging to the flower. 



Floret. A small flower ; one of a head. 



Foliaceous. Leaf-like in structure and ai>pear- 

 ance ; leafy. 



Fo'iate. Having leaves, as in bifoliate, etc. 



Foliohite. Having leaflets. 



Follide. A poil, formed from a simple i>istil, 

 dehiscing along the ventral suture only. 



Follicular. Pertaining to a follicle or like it in 

 structure. 



Foot-stalk. A petiole, pedicel, or other sh-nder 

 support. 



Foramen. The narrow orifice at the apex of an 

 ovule. 



Forked. Branching enually, or divergently. 



Foveate. Pitted ; markeil by dee|> depressions. 



Foveolate. Diminutive of the last ; marked by 

 minute pits. 



Free. Not adnate or coherent to other organs. 



Fringi-d. See Fimhriale. 



Frond. The leaf of ferns ; the leaf-like expjindiHl 

 vegetation of some Hepaticie ; ajiplied also to 

 the ])eculiar growth of the Lemnacfie. 



Frondosf. Frond-like, or iH-aring fronds. 



Frudijiciition. The bearing of I'niit. or the or- 

 gans concerned in the production of liiiit. 



