GRASSES. 371 



the manuring of such grass land. In short, the character 

 of the soil must be carefully studied and watched by those 

 who had the land in their occupation. Still he believed 

 that, by the judicious application of proper manures, they 

 might very materially increase the produce of their pastures. 

 The character of the manure which was applied to the land 

 would materially influence the result ; indeed the experi- 

 ments which had been tried by Mr. Laws and others 

 showed that the farmer could, to a great extent, regulate 

 his produce, and that he could grow a much larger quantity 

 of produce than those who had not tried or read the results 

 of the experiments might think possible, through the ap- 

 plication of particular kinds of manure. Thus, by the ap- 

 plication of ammoniacal manures, farmers could almost 

 treble their produce, though, he was sorry to add, at the 

 expense of quality. On the other hand, by the application 

 of phosphatic manures, they could materially change the 

 quality of the natural grasses, for the application of bones 

 and superphosphate would greatly increase their clover and 

 leguminous produce. Thus, by the careful study of the 

 effects of different manures on particular soils, they might, 

 in a great degree, regulate what they intended to produce." 



174. Mr. Jacob Wilson, an excellent authority in theo- 

 retical and practical agriculture, gives the following list of 

 manures for grasses for a variety of soils, as first, 



" Sandy Soils. Grasses, both in permanent and artificial 

 pastures, may receive 1 cwt. each of guano and nitrate of 

 soda towards the end of February, and a similar quantity 

 in April. Calcareous Soils. Sulphate of ammonia 1 cwt. 

 or nitrate of soda 1 cwt., with 3 cwt. salt, will be an excel- 

 lent dressing ; or, instead of this, 2 cwt. guano and 2 cwt. 

 salt, will produce a beneficial effect. It would be still bet- 

 ter if this application could take place at two separate times, 

 instead of the entire quantity at once. Clay soils. For 

 artificial grasses I would apply 3 cwt. guano, or 2 cwt. 

 guano and 1 cwt. sulphate of ammonia, either all at once 

 towards the end of March, or at two different times previous 

 to and after that period, as the season permits. For per- 

 manent pasture, the general management during preceding 



