RAMBLES OF A GEOLOGIST. 445 



ing an upper ledge that overhung his prison-mouth ; and, 

 by a path on which a goat would scarce have found footing, 

 he scrambled to the top. His name was Johnston e ; and the 

 cave is still known as " Johnstone's Cave." Such was the 

 narrative of my companion. 



A little farther on, the undulating bank, into which the 

 cliffs sink, projects into the sea as a flat green promontory, 

 edged with hills of indurated sand, and topped by a pictu- 

 resque ruin, that forms a pleasing object in the landscape. 

 The ruin is that of a country residence of the bishops of Ork- 

 ney during the disturbed and unhappy reign of Scotch Epis- 

 copacy, and bears on a flat tablet of weathered sandstone the 

 initials of its founder, Bishop George Grahame, and the date 

 of its erection, 1 633. With a green cultivated oasis imme- 

 diately around it, and a fine open ound, overlooked by the 

 bold, picturesque cliffs of Hoy, in front, it must have been, 

 for at least half the year, an agreeable, and, as its remains 

 testify, a not uncomfortable habitation. But I greatly fear 

 Scottish clergymen of the Establishment, whether Presby- 

 terian or Episcopalian, when obnoxious, from their position 

 or their tenets, to the great bulk of the Scottish people, have 

 not been left, since at least the Reformation, to enjoy either 

 quiet or happy lives, however extrinsically favourable the cir- 

 cumstances in which they may have been placed. Bishop 

 Grahame, only five years after the date of the erection, was 

 tried before the famous General Assembly of 1 638 ; and, be- 

 ing convicted of having " all the ordinar faults of a bishop," 

 he was deposed, and ordered within a limited time " to give 

 tokens of repentance, under paine of excommunication." " He 

 was a curler on the ice on the Sabbath day," says Baillie, 

 " a setter of tacks to his sones and graridsones, to the preju- 

 dice of the Church ; he oversaw adulterie ; slighted charm- 

 ing ; neglected preaching and doing of anie good ; and held 

 portions of ministers' stipends for building his cathedral." 



