24 The Manager. 



in force, and captured by the Brobdingnagians. They 

 seize him in the form of putwarts, or village ac- 

 counts. He feels weary and inclined to resist ; but 

 they are too strong and too pressing, and he must 

 plod on. These accounts arise in this way. To 

 acquire land in which to carry on his industry the 

 planter has to or rather has hitherto had to, for 

 this is all being changed now enter into treaty 

 with the surrounding zemindars, or landholders, for 

 leases of their villages. These villages being appor- 

 tioned out to ryots, or tenants, the zemindar is un- 

 able to treat for any special portion or division of 

 a village, and, in consequence, the planter is forced 

 to take the whole, with all its advantages or 

 drawbacks. The advantages he anticipates are 

 the obtaining of lands in which to cultivate indigo ; 

 the drawbacks are the patwari and his accounts. 

 These are sent him for his sins. We will deal after- 

 wards with the question of zemindari and the feature 

 in it called tikhadari, or leasing. Meanwhile, back to 

 the Manager, and \tispatwarfs accounts : these consist 

 of siahas (vouchers), jamma bundies (rent-roll), and 

 jamma kharchas (debit and credit account). The 

 siahas accompany all moneys paid in by the patwari 

 as village-collections ; they may come daily or weekly,, 

 according to the varying customs prevailing ; indeed 

 there is scarcely any regulating rule, each Manager 



