CULTURE OF THE GRAPE. 41 



extensive experiments, a distance of three feet by four 

 is sufficient. Generally, these seedlings do not produce 

 fruit as early as cuttings : not until the fourth season will 

 they give a fair indication of their quality. 



The method of propagation by cuttings may be sub- 

 divided as follows, by single eyes, by green wood, and 

 by cuttings in the open air. 



PEOPAGATIOX BY SINGLE EYES. 



This is the method most extensively in use, and in 

 most instances possessing manifest advantages. It is a 

 near approach to the natural method by seed, there being 

 but little of the old wood to separate the young roots 

 from the new growth. The different parts of the plant 

 are homogeneous, with the slight exception of about an 

 inch of wood. Vines started in this way require artificial 

 treatment under glass : but, as the amount of wood which 

 is used is so small, the space required is correspondingly 

 small ; consequently, the expense of thus starting them is 

 not large. But a great advantage is thereby obtained, by 

 securing an early and vigorous start, and a season of 

 growth extended one or two months, resulting in large 

 and well-ripened vines in the fall. Thus we have an- 



