CULTURE OF THE GRAPE. 139 



no means such natural subjects for this mode as the flexi- 

 ble and pendulous grape. Very naturally, therefore, they 

 have often been trained over the tops of arbors, generally 

 without system, and with an entire neglect of summer- 

 pinching. As another instance, a vine running over the 

 roof of a house, if properly cared for, will give excellent 

 results. The plane is inclined, yet is so flat as to spread 

 out the foliage to the full effects of sun and wind and 

 rain. Vines running over rocks have a broad and full 

 exposure of the whole surface ; and grapes are ripened in 

 the cold latitude of Maine in this way better than in any 

 other. Of course, the rocks are favorable ; but we must 

 conclude that the position is, at least, not unfavorable. 

 Other similar instances might be mentioned, and they 

 certainly go a great way in strengthening the belief that 

 the horizontal is the true position for developing fruit. 



In concluding this chapter on Training, it may be said, 

 in review, that the spiral or cork-screw system has strong 

 advocates, and answers very well, though open to objec- 

 tions. The Thomery plan, with two horizontal arms and 

 upright shoots, is better in some respects, and on other 

 accounts not so good, having more numerous and earnest 

 advocates. A modification of the Thomery, the single 

 arm, is better in some respects, and equally good in all. 



