298 CULTURE OF THE GRAPE. 



have 'gutters, as well to keep the borders dry as to fill 

 the cistern. 



THE FORCING-GRAPERY. 



For this a "lean-to" house is best, having a single roof 

 pitching as nearly as possible due south. In order to ad- 

 vance growth as rapidly as possible during the winter, the 

 house will require the direct rays of the mid-day sun. 

 For early forcing, I would also advise that the borders be 

 made entirely inside of the house. It is against all reason 

 to expect good results from forcing the tops while the 

 roots are stagnant in the cold ground. Protection of the 

 open border with leaves or manure, or by shutters, which 

 also shed the rain, have given measurable success ; and yet 

 we can expect that vigor and early maturity which is 

 desirable, only by keeping the roots warm, and as active as 

 the tops. The north side of the house will be a conve- 

 nient place to erect a store-room for fuel, potting-mate- 

 rials, &c., giving a space also to the furnace. The simple 

 brick furnace and flue will do the work at a great saving 

 in the first cost, but with much larger consumption of fuel 

 than a water-boiler. With the use of a simple flue, I 

 should always combine the Polmaise system. This con- 



