172 RAY. 



ing whales. The rvMfe-hlooded animals are divided 

 into the larger and the smaller. The former, he 

 says, are suitably divided by Aristotle into three 

 kinds or orders: 1. MoUusca ; 2. Crustacea; 3. 

 Testacea. The smaller white-blooded animals are 

 the Insects. The following table exhibits a sum- 

 mary of this classification, which is essentially that 

 of Aristotle : — 



Red-blooded Animals. 



Respiring by lunp^s, and having a heart furnished with two ven- 

 tricles, viviparous, and aquatic, Cetacea. 



Terrestrial, QUADRUPEDS. 



Oviparous, Birds. 



Those having a heart with a single ventri- 

 cle, Oviparous Quadrupeds axd Serpents. 



Respiring by gills, FiSHES. 



White-blooded Animals. 



( Malacia or Mollusca. 

 Of large size,.., -s Malacostraca or Crustacea. 



(OSTRACODERMA or TeSTACEA. 



Of small size, INSECTS. 



Characterizing the different groups by circum- 

 stances connected with their organization, he ar- 

 ranges quadrupeds into those which have undivided 

 hoofs, as the horse; those having cleft hoofs, of 

 which some are ruminant, others not. Of the for- 

 mer, some have permanent concave horns, as oxen, 

 sheep, goats ; others have solid deciduous horns, as 

 deer. The cloven-footed animals which do not 

 ruminate are the hog family. The rhinoceros, hip- 

 popotamus, tapir, and musk, he classes as anoma- 

 lous. Of the unguiculate animals, some are ru- 

 minant, with two claws only, as the camel ; others 

 are carnivorous, with more numerous claws, as cats, 

 dogs, polecats. Some again are herbivorous, with 

 two long front teeth, as hares ; and others are tooth- 



